Quantitative extraction of macro-invertebrates from temperate and tropical leaf litter and soil: efficiency and time-dependent taxonomic biases of the Winkler extraction

Krell, Frank‐Thorsten; Chung, Arthur Y. C.; DeBoise, Emma; Eggleton, Paul; Giusti, Alessandro; Inward, Kelly; Krell, Frank-Thorsten

doi:10.1016/j.pedobi.2004.10.005

Cited by 49 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In May, July, and September 2008, we randomly selected five 1-m 2 sub-plots (separated by at least 10 m) within each canopy manipulation plot, sifted all the leaf litter from the sub-plot into Winkler extractors (Krell et al 2005), and recovered ants, beetles, and spiders over a 10-day period. We also deployed five pitfall traps 3-5 m away from each sub-plot for 10 days.…”

Section: Temporal Changes In Ant Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of macroarthropod assemblages to the loss of hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), a foundation species

et al. 2011

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Abstract. In eastern North American forests, eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is a foundation species.As hemlock is lost from forests due to the invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) and preemptive salvage logging, the structure of assemblages of species associated with hemlock is expected to change. We manipulated hemlock canopy structure at hectare scales to investigate the effects of hemlock death on assemblages of ants, beetles, and spiders in a New England forest. Relative to reference hemlock stands, both in situ death of hemlock and logging and removal of hemlock altered composition and diversity of beetles and spiders, and logging increased the species richness and evenness of ant assemblages. Species composition of ant assemblages in disturbed habitats was non-random relative to the regional species pool, but we found no evidence that interspecific competition shaped the structure of ant, beetle, or spider assemblages, in either manipulated or intact forest stands. Environmental filtering by hemlock appears to maintain low levels of species richness and evenness in forest stands, suggesting that the loss of hemlock due to the hemlock woolly adelgid or human activities will not likely lead to extirpations of ant, beetle, or spider species at local scales.

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Section: Temporal Changes In Ant Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of macroarthropod assemblages to the loss of hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), a foundation species

et al. 2011

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“…Other authors have also found that during extractions, different taxonomic groups leave the sample at different times (Krell et al 2005;Block 1966). In an extraction that lasted three days (Block 1966), Mesostigmata mites left the sample during the first day, while the majority of Collembola and Cryptostigmata mites left the sample mainly during the second day, and www.intechopen.com Prostigmata began to leave the sample at the third day.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In an extraction that lasted three days (Block 1966), Mesostigmata mites left the sample during the first day, while the majority of Collembola and Cryptostigmata mites left the sample mainly during the second day, and www.intechopen.com Prostigmata began to leave the sample at the third day. Also, Krell et al (2005) using an alternative extraction method, Winkler bags, also found that duration of the extraction affected the structure of the retrieved community, for example 70% of adult beetles and ants were retrieved within three days of extraction but Chilopoda required 3 to 4 wk. By using Berlese-Tullgren funnel, we found that both Collembola and Acari began to leave the sample during the first 24 h, also we retrieved few adult Coleoptera (the majority of Coleoptera were larvae), and the majority of ants and centipedes left the samples within the first 24 h of extraction.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using Berlese-Tullgren funnel, we found that both Collembola and Acari began to leave the sample during the first 24 h, also we retrieved few adult Coleoptera (the majority of Coleoptera were larvae), and the majority of ants and centipedes left the samples within the first 24 h of extraction. Krell et al (2005) proposed that if the aim of the study is to rapidly assess the litter/soil fauna, short extraction times should be enough. On the contrary, if the aim of the study is to exhaustively assess this fauna, then the methodology should be standardized, such as assessing optimum extraction times and biases due to collection methods.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By increasing the temperature within the funnel, heat speeds drying (Coleman et al 2004) but may also burn organisms before their collection and thus decreases estimates of their abundance (Walter et al 1987). Alternatively, in remote field conditions, extractions without light are logistically more affordable and feasible, in which case the establishment of the gradient and the drying out of the sample depends on the room temperature in which the extractions are performed (Krell et al 2005). Both, extractions with and without light, create different conditions within the sample, as a consequence, the use, or no use, of light during extractions, can result in different groups of arthropods being extracted, and thus a different set of data (Agosti et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying Variation of Soil Arthropods Using Different Sampling Protocols: Is Diversity Affected?

Barberena-Arias¹,

González²,

Cuevas³

2012

Tropical Forests

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Functional consequences of realistic extinction scenarios inAmazonian soil food webs

2017

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Global biodiversity loss is creating a more urgent need to understand the role organisms play in ecosystem functioning and mechanisms of control. Decomposition of dead organic matter is a key ecological process that ensures soil formation, nutrient availability, and carbon sequestration. To gain understanding of how biodiversity and ecosystems function together to control leaf‐litter decomposition processes in a tropical rain forest (Yasuní National Park, Ecuador), we predicted the consequences of the decomposition process using a protocol in which we systematically disassemble the structural functionality of the soil macrofauna communities. We (1) describe the structure and function of the edaphic communities in detail and (2) explore the functional consequences of structural changes in these communities using a non‐random exclusion experiment to simulate body size‐related extinctions. To do this, we manipulated access of five size classes of soil invertebrates to eight types of plant leaf‐litter resources. After measuring and identifying about 4400 soil individuals belonging to 541 morphospecies, 12 functional groups, and following the fate of about 2000 tree leaves in a 50‐ha plot, we showed that (1) soil invertebrate communities were composed of a few common and many rare morphospecies that included mostly leaf‐litter transformer groups, with the most morphospecies and the greatest abundance coming from Hymenoptera, Collembola, and Coleoptera; (2) our survey captured 63–74% of the total soil biodiversity of the study area (meaning there may be up to 860 morphospecies); (3) litter transformers covered the widest range of body volume, and all groups were evenly distributed at small and large spatial scales (i.e., we found no patterns of spatial aggregation); (4) changes in food web structure significantly altered biomass loss for only three of the eight leaf‐litter treatments, suggesting the decomposition process was highly resistant to drastic changes such as size‐biased biodiversity loss independent of resource quality. We conclude organic matter decomposition may depend on all non‐additive effects that arise from multi‐species interactions, including facilitation, interspecific interference competition, and top‐down control that predators exert over detritivores at all body size ranges.

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Quantitative extraction of macro-invertebrates from temperate and tropical leaf litter and soil: efficiency and time-dependent taxonomic biases of the Winkler extraction

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Response of macroarthropod assemblages to the loss of hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), a foundation species

Response of macroarthropod assemblages to the loss of hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), a foundation species

Quantifying Variation of Soil Arthropods Using Different Sampling Protocols: Is Diversity Affected?

Functional consequences of realistic extinction scenarios inAmazonian soil food webs

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