Quantitative extraction of pecan oil from small samples with supercritical carbon dioxide

Abstract

A procedure to determine total oil content of pecan was developed for samples weighing 500 and 10 mg by supercritica[ fluid extraction (SFE) with carbon dioxide as the extraction solvent, and chilled hexane as the trapping solvent. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were prepared from the total lipid fraction by using either an aliquot (500 mg starting weight) or the entire extract (10 mg starting weight). Total oil content obtained for either sample size with SFE was similar to that obtained with an organic solvent extraction technique. The fatty acid composition for the total lipid fraction of oils extracted with SFE was the same as for oils extracted with organic solvents, and oil composition did not change during SFE. Both oil yield and fatty acid composition were similar to those reported previously for pecan. Samples could be extracted and placed into FAMEderivatizing reagents in one day, and fatty acid composition of the total lipid fraction could be determined by gas-liquid chromatography the next day. The procedure, as demonstrated for pecan, should be suitable for other oilseeds, especially those containing low amounts of water. JAOCS 72, 665-669 (1995).KEY WORDS: Fatty acid methyl ester, oilseed, pecan, supercritical fluid extraction.

Development in lipid analysis: Some new extraction techniques and in situ transesterification

“…King et al (56) concluded that there were no significant differences between fatty acids extracted with an SFE method and with the solvent extraction step of the NLEA procedure in beef samples. Berg et al (57) showed that results for total fat and several lipid classes in meat coincided with those from the Bligh and Dyer procedure (10), and yields reported by Maness et al (58) and Melinz et al (59) seem to be similar to those obtained with conventional methods. Likewise, fatty acid contents determined by an SFE method and by an acid hydrolysis solvent extraction procedure were comparable in beef and bakery samples (60).…”

Supercritical CO2 Extraction for Total Fat Analysis of Food Products

“…Some differences were comparable to the variability of the method. These results confirmed the findings of King et al (1996) and Maness et al (1995).…”

“…King et al (1996) demonstrated that fatty acid composition after SFE was similar to that of the fat obtained by solvent extraction. The same result has been shown by Maness et al (1995).…”

Application of supercritical CO2 in lipid extraction – A review

“…King et al (1996) concluded that there were no significant differences between fatty acids extracted with an SFE method and with the solvent extraction step of the nutritional labelling and education act (NLEA) procedure in beef samples. Berg et al (1997) showed that results for total fat and several lipid classes in meat coincided with those from the Bligh and Dyer procedure (1959), and yields reported by Maness et al (1995) and Melinz et al (1997) were similar to those obtained with conventional methods. Likewise, fatty acid contents determined by an SFE method and by an acid hydrolysis solvent extraction procedure were comparable in beef and bakery samples (Eller and King, 1998).…”