Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plant Resistance to Insects

Kliebenstein, Daniel J.

doi:10.1002/9781118829783.ch7

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…The causal genes for variation in resistance against generalist insects have been successfully identified (mostly glucosinolate biosynthesis-related genes) (Kliebenstein et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2006). Less information is available on genes underlying variation in resistance to specialist insects and combined stresses (Kliebenstein et al, 2002;Pfalz et al, 2007;Kliebenstein, 2014). Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using bi-parental or multi-parental populations has been traditionally employed for the identification of genes responsible for natural genetic variation for a trait of interest (Alonso-Blanco & Koornneef, 2000;Koornneef et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome‐wide association analysis reveals distinct genetic architectures for single and combined stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2016

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Summary Plants are commonly exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses.We used 350 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions grown under controlled conditions. We employed genome‐wide association analysis to investigate the genetic architecture and underlying loci involved in genetic variation in resistance to: two specialist insect herbivores, Pieris rapae and Plutella xylostella; and combinations of stresses, i.e. drought followed by P. rapae and infection by the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea followed by infestation by P. rapae.We found that genetic variation in resistance to combined stresses by drought plus P. rapae was limited compared with B. cinerea plus P. rapae or P. rapae alone. Resistance to the two caterpillars is controlled by different genetic components. There is limited overlap in the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying resistance to combined stresses by drought plus P. rapae or B. cinerea plus P. rapae and P. rapae alone. Finally, several candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of aliphatic glucosinolates and proteinase inhibitors were identified to be involved in resistance to P. rapae and P. xylostella, respectively.This study underlines the importance of investigating plant responses to combinations of stresses. The value of this approach for breeding plants for resistance to combinatorial stresses is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome‐wide association analysis reveals distinct genetic architectures for single and combined stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2016

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“…Therefore, the meta-QTL (MQTL) information resulting from these meta-analyses can not be confidently used in African breeding programs targeted at developing maize varieties resistant to multiple insect pests. The challenges encountered in the extrapolation of these results to African backgrounds also stem from the coevolutionary basis of maize-insect interaction characterized by a concomitant development and deployment of plant defense and insect counter attack mechanisms that could substantially vary from one background to another (19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Basis of Maize Resistance to Multiple-Insect Pests: Integrated Genome-Wide Comparative Mapping and Candidate Gene Prioritization

Badji¹,

Kwemoi²,

Machida³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Several herbivores feed on maize in field and storage setups making the development of multiple-insect resistance a critical breeding target. In this study, an association mapping panel of 341 tropical maize lines was evaluated in three field environments for resistance to FAW whilst bulked grains were subjected to MW bioassay, genotyped with Diversity Array Technologies single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. A multi-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed 62 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) associated with FAW and MW resistance traits on all 10 maize chromosomes, of which, 47 and 31 were discovered at stringent Bonferroni genome-wide significance level of 0.05 and 0.01, respectively, and located within or close to multiple-insect resistance genomic regions (MIRGRs) concerning FAW, SB, and MW. Sixteen QTNs influenced multiple-traits of which six were associated with resistance to both FAW and MW suggesting a pleiotropic genetic control. Functional prioritization of candidate genes (CGs) located within 10-30kb of the QTNs revealed 64 putative GWAS-based CGs (GbCGs) showing evidence of involvement in plant defense mechanisms. Only one GbCG was associated with each of five of the six combined-resistance QTNs, thus, reinforcing the pleiotropy hypothesis. In addition, through In-silico co-functional network inferences, an additional 107 Network-based CGs (NbCGs), biologically connected to the 64 GbCGs, differentially expressed under biotic or abiotic stress were revealed within MIRGRs. The provided multiple-insect resistance physical map should contribute to the development of combined-insect resistance in maize.

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“…Understanding the mechanistic bases of plant-herbivore interactions is therefore a major goal in biology and agriculture [8][9][10] .Within plant species, individuals incur different amounts of damage from herbivores, and genetic differences among individuals explain a substantial proportion of this variation (e.g., 11 ). Identifying and characterizing specific genetic polymorphisms that shape herbivoryrelated phenotypes within plant populations, which we refer to as a gene-focused approach, offers a number of advantages for understanding how this variation arises and why it persists [12][13][14][15] . First, in-depth functional studies of genes harboring these variants can uncover specific biochemical and physiological processes that mediate interactions with herbivores 4 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Third, population genetic studies, in which patterns at genes of interest are compared with neutral polymorphisms across the genome, can reveal how environmental pressures shape adaptive genetic variation within and among populations at loci affecting herbivory 17 . Integrating these gene-focused methods provides a powerful approach to uncover traits and mechanisms that determine plant susceptibility to herbivory and to understand how these traits evolve [12][13][14][15] . When conducted in crop species and their wild relatives, this approach can also find beneficial genetic variants that can be used to breed or engineer pest-resistant crops 18 .To develop a complete and unbiased understanding of the genetic basis of plant-herbivore interactions, a gene-focused approach should have the potential to identify genes and polymorphisms underlying any of the various strategies plants have evolved to mitigate herbivory.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic variants affecting plant size and chemical defenses jointly shape herbivory inArabidopsis

Gloss

Brachi

Feldmann

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Herbivorous insects exhibit strong feeding preferences when choosing among plant genotypes, yet experiments to map loci mediating plant susceptibility to herbivory rarely incorporate host choice. To address this gap, we applied genome-wide association (GWA) mapping to uncover genetic polymorphisms mediating damage from foraging insects (two populations of Scaptomyza flava) across a mixture of Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes in experimental enclosures. The effect of chemical defenses (glucosinolates) on herbivory depended on herbivore genotype. Unlike many studies that minimize the effects of host choice behavior, we also found a large effect of plant size on herbivory-likely through its effect on plant apparency-that was independent of herbivore genotype. These herbivory-associated loci are polymorphic at fine spatial scales, and thus have potential to shape variation in herbivory within natural populations. We also show that the polymorphism with the largest effect on herbivory underlies adaptive latitudinal variation in Arabidopsis plant size across Europe. Overall, our results provide genetic support for ecological observations that variation in both chemical defenses and non-canonical defense traits (e.g., plant size and phenology) jointly shapes plant-herbivore interactions.Interactions between plants and herbivores drive fundamental ecological and evolutionary processes. Herbivores remove 5-20% of the leaf tissue produced annually by plants 1, 2 , which reduces plant fitness 3, 4 , selects against susceptible plant genotypes 4-6 , and in turn shapes the composition of ecological communities through effects that cascade across trophic levels 7 . Understanding the mechanistic bases of plant-herbivore interactions is therefore a major goal in biology and agriculture [8][9][10] .Within plant species, individuals incur different amounts of damage from herbivores, and genetic differences among individuals explain a substantial proportion of this variation (e.g., 11 ). Identifying and characterizing specific genetic polymorphisms that shape herbivoryrelated phenotypes within plant populations, which we refer to as a gene-focused approach, offers a number of advantages for understanding how this variation arises and why it persists [12][13][14][15] . First, in-depth functional studies of genes harboring these variants can uncover specific biochemical and physiological processes that mediate interactions with herbivores 4 . Second, phenotypic comparisons among natural plant accessions or genetically engineered genotypes that vary at genes of interest can reveal how susceptibility to herbivory is linked to or trades off with other traits, including those of interest to evolutionary biologists (e.g., plant reproductive success 16 ) or crop breeders (e.g., plant biomass or yield). Third, population genetic studies, in which patterns at genes of interest are compared with neutral polymorphisms across the genome, can reveal how environmental pressures shape adaptive genetic variation within and among populations at loci a...

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Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plant Resistance to Insects

Cited by 19 publications

References 170 publications

Genome‐wide association analysis reveals distinct genetic architectures for single and combined stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

Genome‐wide association analysis reveals distinct genetic architectures for single and combined stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

Genetic Basis of Maize Resistance to Multiple-Insect Pests: Integrated Genome-Wide Comparative Mapping and Candidate Gene Prioritization

Genetic variants affecting plant size and chemical defenses jointly shape herbivory inArabidopsis

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