Quantitative Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Propellants Containing Nitroglycerin

et al. 1982

Kinetics of the basic hydrolysis of 1-glyceryl mononitrate (1-MNG) and 2-glyceryl mononitrate (2-MNG) were investigated in COz-free aqueous calcium hydroxide solutions. The hydrolysis reactions were carried out in a temperature-controlled reactor vessel with provision for continuous NP sparging of the reaction mixture. Both glyceryl nitrate esters hydrolyzed via second-order reaction a t 25°C. 2-MNG in calcium hydroxide solution iscimerized to 1-MNG, which subsequently hydrolyzed to form NO;. In strongly basic aqueous solutions of NaOH (30%), 2-MNG is converted to glycidol and NO,.

Basic hydrolysis of glyceryl nitrate esters. I. 1‐glyceryl and 2‐glyceryl nitrate esters

et al. 1982

Basic hydrolysis of glyceryl nitrate esters. II. 1,2‐glyceryl and 1, 3‐glyceryl dinitrate esters

et al. 1984

Kinetics of the basic hydrolysis of l,2-glyceryl dinitrate (1,2-DNG) and 1,3-glyceryl dinitrate (1,3-DNG) esters were investigated in C0,-free aqueous calcium hydroxide solutions. The hydrolysis reactions were carried out in a temperature controlled reactor vessel with provision for continuous N, sparging of the reaction mixture. Both glyceryl dinitrate esters hydrolyzed via second-order reaction at 25°C. 1,2-DNG in basic solutions isomerized to 1,3-DNG which subsequently hydrolyzed to yield products. The main hydrolysis product of 1,3-DNG was identified as glycidyl nitrate. Other products formed during the basic hydrolysis of DNGs were nitrites and nitrates.

Basic hydrolysis of glyceryl nitrate esters. III. Trinitroglycerin

et al. 1984

Kinetics of the basic hydrolysis of glyceryl trinitrate (TNG) were investigated in C0,-free aqueous calcium hydroxide solutions. The hydrolysis reactions were carried out in a temperature controlled reactor vessel with provision for continuous N, sparging of the reaction mixture. TNG hydrolyzed via second-order reaction at 25"C, 18"C, and 10°C. The activation energy of the hydrolysis reaction of TNG was calculated from the kinetic data and found to be equal to 27.53 kcal/mol. The major products of the hydrolysis of TNG in solution of calcium hydroxide were calcium nitrate and calcium nitrite, accounting for approximately 50% of the degradation products. The minor identified products such as calcium oxalate and nitrate esters amounted to approximatey 6% of the products. The remaining 30% of the isolated products was a mixture of calcium formate, a nitrate ester, and unidentified volatiles, polymerlike substances, and other organic residue.