Quantitative measurement of carbon nanotubes in rat lung

Devoy, Jérôme; Nunge, Hervé; Bonfanti, Elodie; Seidel, Carole; Gaté, Laurent; Cosnier, Frédéric

doi:10.1080/17435390.2020.1814439

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Regarding the MPPD model, the estimations made for MWNT-7 deposition and retention from the aerosol characterization reported by Umeda et al [66] closely approximated the real measurements relayed by Kasai et al [45] as well as our own data [39] (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The determination of the CNT lung burden (or that of CB, because the methodological difficulties of detecting carbon within a carbon-rich matrix such as lung tissue are similar) reported in the various studies involved a variety of methods -measurement of Co catalyst present in the CNT [67], thermal [39] or thermo-optical analysis [72], X-ray diffraction and elemental carbon analysis [70], HPLC analysis [45], light extinction [63], etc.which were not always validated according the required standards. However, it is important to point out that the uncertainties in lung burden determined cannot explain the extent of the differences observed, of one or two orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It nevertheless relies on many prerequisites or elements of information which are not always available in publications, demonstrated by the small number of studies suitable for inclusion in this work. The surface area calculation retained relied on lung burden measurements for inhalation, but lung burden is sometimes difficult to measure -particularly for CB and MWCNTand no standard method has yet been developed [39,44]. Alternatively, a well-conducted characterization of the aerosol could supplement this dosage part, and we really consider that efforts in this direction are worthwhile [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TiO 2 lung burden was determined from elemental Ti analysis by ICP-MS, as previously described [36,38]. The MWCNT and CB lung burdens (for Printex-90 samples or samples containing short and thin MWCNTs) were quantified by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of lyophilized samples after chemical digestion of the tissues with a water-based tissue solubilizer (Solvable, Perkin-Elmer) [39]. The NM surface area retained (in cm 2 /g lung) was calculated for each rat from the retained mass and the wet lung weight (in mg/g lung) combined with the mass-specific BET surface area determined for each material.…”

Section: Analysis Of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (Balf) and Nm Lung Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retained particle surface area dose drives inflammation in rat lungs following acute, subacute, and subchronic inhalation of nanomaterials

et al. 2021

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Background An important aspect of nanomaterial (NM) risk assessment is establishing relationships between physicochemical properties and key events governing the toxicological pathway leading to adverse outcomes. The difficulty of NM grouping can be simplified if the most toxicologically relevant dose metric is used to assess the toxicological dose-response. Here, we thoroughly investigated the relationship between acute and chronic inflammation (based on polymorphonuclear neutrophil influx (% PMN) in lung bronchoalveolar lavage) and the retained surface area in the lung. Inhalation studies were performed in rats with three classes of NMs: titanium dioxides (TiO2) and carbon blacks (CB) as poorly soluble particles of low toxicity (PSLT), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). We compared our results to published data from nearly 30 rigorously selected articles. Results This analysis combined data specially generated for this work on three benchmark materials - TiO2 P25, the CB Printex-90 and the MWCNT MWNT-7 - following subacute (4-week) inhalation with published data relating to acute (1-week) to subchronic (13-week) inhalation exposure to the classes of NMs considered. Short and long post-exposure recovery times (immediately after exposure up to more than 6 months) allowed us to examine both acute and chronic inflammation. A dose-response relationship across short-term and long-term studies was revealed linking pulmonary retained surface area dose (measured or estimated) and % PMN. This relationship takes the form of sigmoid curves, and is independent of the post-exposure time. Curve fitting equations depended on the class of NM considered, and sometimes on the duration of exposure. Based on retained surface area, long and thick MWCNTs (few hundred nm long with an aspect ratio greater than 25) had a higher inflammatory potency with 5 cm2/g lung sufficient to trigger an inflammatory response (at 6% PMN), whereas retained surfaces greater than 150 cm2/g lung were required for PSLT. Conclusions Retained surface area is a useful metric for hazard grouping purposes. This metric would apply to both micrometric and nanometric materials, and could obviate the need for direct measurement in the lung. Indeed, it could alternatively be estimated from dosimetry models using the aerosol parameters (rigorously determined following a well-defined aerosol characterization strategy).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (Balf) and Nm Lung Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retained particle surface area dose drives inflammation in rat lungs following acute, subacute, and subchronic inhalation of nanomaterials

et al. 2021

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“…Their MMAD was 940 nm for printex-90 carbon black, 790 nm for NM-401, 1940 nm for NM-403, and 1780 nm for MWCNT. The median right lobe was separated and used for lung burden analysis successfully [19]. Therefore, the 3R principles (Reducing, Replacing, and Refining) may also be applied to fibrous MWCNTs, along with soluble AgNPs and insoluble AuNPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Even lobar deposition of poorly soluble gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is similar to that of soluble silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)

Kim¹,

Kim

Jo³

et al. 2020

Part Fibre Toxicol

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Background Information on particle deposition, retention, and clearance is important when evaluating the risk of inhaled nanomaterials to human health. The revised Organization Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) inhalation toxicity test guidelines now require lung burden measurements of nanomaterials after rodent subacute and sub-chronic inhalation exposure (OECD 412, OECD 413) to inform on lung clearance behavior and translocation after exposure and during post-exposure observation (PEO). Lung burden measurements are particularly relevant when the testing chemical is a solid poorly soluble nanomaterial. Previously, the current authors showed that total retained lung burden of inhaled soluble silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) could be effectively measured using any individual lung lobe. Methods and results Accordingly, the current study investigated the evenness of deposition/retention of poorly soluble gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) after 1 and 5 days of inhalation exposure. Rats were exposed nose-only for 1 or 5 days (6 h/day) to an aerosol of 11 nm well-dispersed AuNPs. Thereafter, the five lung lobes were separated and the gold concentrations measured using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometer (ICP-MS). The results showed no statistically significant difference in the AuNP deposition/retention among the different lung lobes in terms of the gold mass per gram of lung tissue. Conclusions Thus, it would seem that any rat lung lobe can be used for the lung burden analysis after short or long-term NP inhalation, while the other lobes can be used for collecting and analyzing the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and for the histopathological analysis. Therefore, combining the lung burden measurement, histopathological tissue preparation, and BALF assay from one rat can minimize the number of animals used and maximize the number of endpoints measured.

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Future Prospects for Clinical Applications of Nanocarbons Focusing on Carbon Nanotubes

et al. 2022

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Over the past 15 years, numerous studies have been conducted on the use of nanocarbons as biomaterials towards such applications as drug delivery systems, cancer therapy, and regenerative medicine. However, the clinical use of nanocarbons remains elusive, primarily due to short‐ and long‐term safety concerns. It is essential that the biosafety of each therapeutic modality be demonstrated in logical and well‐conducted experiments. Accordingly, the fundamental techniques for assessing nanocarbon biomaterial safety have become more advanced. Optimal controls are being established, nanocarbon dispersal techniques are being refined, the array of biokinetic evaluation methods has increased, and carcinogenicity examinations under strict conditions have been developed. The medical implementation of nanocarbons as a biomaterial is in sight. With a particular focus on carbon nanotubes, these perspectives aim to summarize the contributions to date on nanocarbon applications and biosafety, introduce the recent achievements in evaluation techniques, and clarify the future prospects and systematic introduction of carbon nanomaterials for clinical use through practical yet sophisticated assessment methods.

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Quantitative measurement of carbon nanotubes in rat lung

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Retained particle surface area dose drives inflammation in rat lungs following acute, subacute, and subchronic inhalation of nanomaterials

Retained particle surface area dose drives inflammation in rat lungs following acute, subacute, and subchronic inhalation of nanomaterials

Even lobar deposition of poorly soluble gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is similar to that of soluble silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)

Future Prospects for Clinical Applications of Nanocarbons Focusing on Carbon Nanotubes

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