Quantitative multiscale correlative microstructure analysis of additive manufacturing of stainless steel 316L processed by selective laser melting

Godec, Matjaž; Zaefferer, Stefan; Podgornik, Bojan; Šinko, Mario; Tchernychova, Elena

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2019.110074

Cited by 162 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…So, there was a spread in grain size, even though the larger grains were dominant. The EBSD data showed that AM resulted in non-conventional grain shape, orientation and size also reported in other studies ( Ref 21,33,35,36). The average grain size for the tube along the longitudinal cross section was 72.15 lm.…”

Section: Composition and Phasessupporting

confidence: 83%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Thin-Walled Tube Manufactured with Selective Laser Melting for Stent Application

Langi

Zhao

Jamshidi

et al. 2021

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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This paper focuses on microstructural and mechanical characterization of metallic thin-walled tube produced with additive manufacturing (AM), as a promising alternative technique for the manufacturing of tubes as a feedstock for stents micromachining. Tubes, with a wall thickness of 500 μm, were made of 316L stainless steel using selective laser melting. Its surface roughness, constituting phases, underlying microstructures and chemical composition were analyzed. The dependence of hardness and elastic modulus on the crystallographic orientation were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction and nanoindentation. Spherical nanoindentation was performed to extract the indentation stress–strain curve from the load–displacement data. The obtained results were compared with those for a commercial 316L stainless steel stent. Both tube and commercial stent samples were fully austenitic, and the as-fabricated surface finish for the tube was much rougher than the stent. Microstructural characterization revealed that the tube had a columnar and coarse grain microstructure, compared to equiaxed grains in the commercial stent. Berkovich nanoindentation suggested an effect for the grain orientation on the hardness and Young’s modulus. The stress–strain curves and the indentation yield strength for the tube and stent were similar. The work is an important step toward AM of patient-specific stents.

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Section: Composition and Phasessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Also, elongated grains are visible in the etched sample, they grew in the longitudinal direction. The microstructures toward the edges of the samples were very complex, as also observed in other studies (Ref [31][32][33][34]. On the other hand, the optical micrograph of the etched stent (Fig.…”

Section: Composition and Phasessupporting

confidence: 78%

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Thin-Walled Tube Manufactured with Selective Laser Melting for Stent Application

Langi

Zhao

Jamshidi

et al. 2021

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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“…Other investigations regularly showed similar or even higher ratios, the GND-excess factor, f eGND , between GNDs and total dislocation densities (up to 10). [397,398] All experimentally obtained data have been compiled in Table I. The data variation is due to local density variations in the case of ECCI and due to (estimated) inaccuracy of the EBSD data.…”

Section: Dislocation Density Measurements In Dual-phase Steels Usingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Challenges and Opportunities in Microstructure-Related Properties of Advanced High-Strength Steels

Raabe

Sun

Silva

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans A

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151

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This is a viewpoint paper on recent progress in the understanding of the microstructure–property relations of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). These alloys constitute a class of high-strength, formable steels that are designed mainly as sheet products for the transportation sector. AHSS have often very complex and hierarchical microstructures consisting of ferrite, austenite, bainite, or martensite matrix or of duplex or even multiphase mixtures of these constituents, sometimes enriched with precipitates. This complexity makes it challenging to establish reliable and mechanism-based microstructure–property relationships. A number of excellent studies already exist about the different types of AHSS (such as dual-phase steels, complex phase steels, transformation-induced plasticity steels, twinning-induced plasticity steels, bainitic steels, quenching and partitioning steels, press hardening steels, etc.) and several overviews appeared in which their engineering features related to mechanical properties and forming were discussed. This article reviews recent progress in the understanding of microstructures and alloy design in this field, placing particular attention on the deformation and strain hardening mechanisms of Mn-containing steels that utilize complex dislocation substructures, nanoscale precipitation patterns, deformation-driven transformation, and twinning effects. Recent developments on microalloyed nanoprecipitation hardened and press hardening steels are also reviewed. Besides providing a critical discussion of their microstructures and properties, vital features such as their resistance to hydrogen embrittlement and damage formation are also evaluated. We also present latest progress in advanced characterization and modeling techniques applied to AHSS. Finally, emerging topics such as machine learning, through-process simulation, and additive manufacturing of AHSS are discussed. The aim of this viewpoint is to identify similarities in the deformation and damage mechanisms among these various types of advanced steels and to use these observations for their further development and maturation.

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“…1a) as well as in the aged AM sample (Fig. 1b), with the melt-pool boundary running across the grains and having a slightly different chemical composition 44 . However, after the solution treatment the melt pools and boundaries disappear due to the diffusion process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Use of plasma nitriding to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of 18Ni-300 maraging steel manufactured by selective laser melting

Godec

Podgornik

Kocijan

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Abstract18Ni-300 maraging steel manufactured by selective laser melting was plasma nitrided to improve its wear and corrosion resistance. The effects of a prior solution treatment, aging and the combination of both on the microstructure and the properties after nitriding were investigated. The results were compared with conventionally produced 18Ni-300 counterparts subjected to the same heat- and thermo-chemical treatments. The plasma nitriding was performed under the same conditions (temperature of 520 °C and time of 6 h) as the aging in order to investigate whether the nitriding and the aging could be carried out simultaneously in a single step. The aim of this work was to provide a better understanding of the morphology and chemical composition of the nitrided layer in the additive-manufactured maraging steel as a function of the prior heat treatments and to compare the wear and corrosion resistance with those of conventional maraging steel. The results show that nitriding without any prior aging leads to cracks in the compound layer, while nitriding of the prior-heat-treated additive-manufactured maraging steel leads to benefits from the thermochemical treatment in terms of wear and corrosion resistance. Some explanations for the origins of the cracks and pores in the nitride layers are provided.

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Quantitative multiscale correlative microstructure analysis of additive manufacturing of stainless steel 316L processed by selective laser melting

Cited by 162 publications

References 30 publications

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Thin-Walled Tube Manufactured with Selective Laser Melting for Stent Application

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Thin-Walled Tube Manufactured with Selective Laser Melting for Stent Application

Current Challenges and Opportunities in Microstructure-Related Properties of Advanced High-Strength Steels

Use of plasma nitriding to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of 18Ni-300 maraging steel manufactured by selective laser melting

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