Quantitative Predictions of Delayed Maturity

Stearns, Stephen C.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04906.x

Cited by 102 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Stearns & Crandall 1981, Roff 1984, Kozlowski 1992, the optimum development rate represents the optimum solution to the trade-offs between high survival and high fecundity at maturation. Rapidly developing individuals mature fast and, hence, have a higher survival at time of maturation than do slowly developing individuals, but they mature at a smaller size and, therefore, have a lower potential fecundity than large adults.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal development time in pelagic copepods

Kiørboe¹,

Hirst²

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal development time in pelagic copepods

Kiørboe¹,

Hirst²

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Fecundity is obviously a component of fitness and the relationship between fecundity and body size is a very common observation (Roff 1992), although the proposition that this represents a trade-off comes from a presumed correlation between body size and another fitness trait such as development time (e.g., McLaren 1966;Roff 1981Roff , 1984Stearns and Crandall 1981;Kachi and Hirose 1985;Abrams et al 1996). The important aspect of the fecundity-body size relationship in the present context is not whether in this particular species the relationship represents a trade-off, but rather that it represents a relationship between a life-history trait and a morphological trait.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Trade-Offs: Effects of Inbreeding on Fecundity Relationships in the Cricket Gryllus Firmus

Roff

DeRose

2001

Evolution

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Abstract. The evolution of traits is modulated by their interrelationships with each other, particularly when those relationships result in a fitness trade-off. In this paper we explore the consequences of genetic architecture on functional relationships between traits. Specifically, we address the consequences of inbreeding on these relationships. We show that the linear regression between two traits will not be affected if there is no dominance genetic variance in either trait, whereas the intercept but not the slope of the regression will change if there is dominance genetic variance in one trait only. We test the latter hypothesis using fecundity relationships in the cricket Gryllus firmus. Data from pedigree analysis and an inbreeding experiment show that there is significant dominance genetic variance in fecundity, but not head width (an index of body size) or dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) mass. Fecundity increases with head width, but decreases with DLM mass. As predicted, the intercepts of the regressions of fecundity on these two morphological traits decrease with inbreeding, but there is little or no change in slope. Gryllus firmus is wing dimorphic, with the macropterous (LW) morph having a lower fecundity than the micropterous (SW) morph. We hypothesize that the difference in fecundity arises primarily because of a competition for resources in the LW females between DLM maintenance (i.e., mass) and egg production. As a consequence, we predict that the fecundity within each morph should decline linearly with the inbreeding coefficient at the same rate in both morphs. The result of this will be a change in the relative fitness of the two morphs, that of the SW morph increasing with inbreeding. This prediction is supported. These results indicate that trade-offs will evolve and such changes will affect evolutionary trajectories by altering the pattern of relationships among fitness components.

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“…Life histories have been documented in many disjunct populations throughout its range, and some life-history phenotypes vary more than twofold among populations (reviewed by Tinkle and Ballinger 1972;Tinkle and Dunham 1986;Gillis and Ballinger 1992;Niewiarowski 1994). Comparative, experimental, and theoretical studies have suggested many hypotheses (adaptive and nonadaptive) to account for this geographic variation in life histories (Stearns and Crandall 1981;Grant and Porter 1992;Adolph andPorter 1993, 1996;Niewiarowski 1994Niewiarowski , 2001Angilletta 2001). Proposed adaptive hypotheses are all based on general expectations of covariation among traits based on traditional life-history theory.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis of Life-History Variation Among Populations of the Lizard Sceloporus Undulatus:an Example and Prognosis

Niewiarowski¹,

Angilletta²,

Leaché³

2004

Evolution

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Abstract. Over the past 15 years, phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) have become standard in the study of life-history evolution. To date, most studies have focused on variation among species or higher taxonomic levels, generally revealing the presence of significant phylogenetic effects as well as residual variation potentially attributable to adaptive evolution. Recently, population-level phylogenetic hypotheses have become available for many species, making it possible to apply PCMs directly to the level at which experiments are typically used to test adaptive hypotheses. In this study, we present the results of PCMs applied to life-history variation among populations of the widespread and well-studied lizard Sceloporus undulatus. Using S. undulatus (which may represent four closely related species) as an example, we explore the benefits of using PCMs at the population level, as well as consider the importance of several thorny methodological problems including but not limited to nonindependence of populations, lack of sufficient variation in traits, and the typically small sample sizes dictated by the difficulty of collecting detailed demographic data. We show that phylogenetic effects on life-history variation among populations of S. undulatus appear to be unimportant, and that several classic trade-offs expected by theory and revealed by many interspecific comparisons are absent. Our results suggest that PCMs applied to variation in life-history traits below the species level may be of limited value, but more studies like ours are needed to draw a general conclusion. Finally, we discuss several outstanding problems that face studies seeking to apply PCMs below the species level.

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Quantitative Predictions of Delayed Maturity

Cited by 102 publications

References 16 publications

Optimal development time in pelagic copepods

Optimal development time in pelagic copepods

The Evolution of Trade-Offs: Effects of Inbreeding on Fecundity Relationships in the Cricket Gryllus Firmus

Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis of Life-History Variation Among Populations of the Lizard Sceloporus Undulatus:an Example and Prognosis

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