Quantitative X-ray measurements of high-pressure fuel sprays from a production heavy duty diesel injector

Ramírez, Anita I.; Som, Sibendu; Kastengren, Alan L.; El-Hannouny, Essam; Longman, Douglas E.; Powell, Christopher F.

doi:10.1007/s00348-009-0643-4

Cited by 41 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…With the improvements made in the field of experimental techniques, some solution became available to go deeper in such dense ensemble of droplets. Ballistic imaging [9] or X-Ray tomography [10] demonstrated their ability to perform measurements in dense regions of liquid sprays. However, the requirements in terms of equipment make these experimental solutions available to a few researchers only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel concentration in isothermal Diesel sprays through structured planar laser imaging measurements

Payri

Marti

Manin

2012

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

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ELSEVIER SCIENCE INCPayri, R.; Gimeno, J.; Marti-Aldaravi, P.; Manin, J. (2012). Fuel concentration in isothermal Diesel sprays through structured planar laser imaging measurements. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow. 34:98-106. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2011.12.007 Fuel concentration in isothermal Diesel sprays through structured planar laser imaging measurements AbstractThe mixing of isothermal liquid sprays in engine-like conditions has been investigated by applying the Structured Planar laser Imaging technique to remove multiple light scattering. The intensity of the illumination plane has been recovered by removing multiply scattered light and mapping the spray three-dimensionally via discrete tomography. Based on the extinction of light within the illumination plane, the number density has been extracted. Coupled with 2-D maps of droplet diameters obtained through LIF/Mie ratio, the number density allowed to calculate the fuel concentration in the sprays. The mixture fraction of DI Diesel sprays injected into an inert environment held at room temperature has been evaluated and compared to a validated model based on gas-jet theory. The experimental results showed good agreement with the predictions when assuming a Gaussian radial distribution and tuning the Schmidt number. A Schmidt number below the unity demonstrated to be the best fit to the results. In addition, the Gaussian distribution showed to be a good assumption based on the closeness to the experiments, although some differences in shape have been noticed. For different testing conditions, whilst the influence of ambient density on mixing was expected, the effect of injection pressure brought up additional information concerning the global mixing of liquid sprays.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel concentration in isothermal Diesel sprays through structured planar laser imaging measurements

Payri

Marti

Manin

2012

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

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“…Laboratories has recently shown to be helpful to understand spray behaviour in the dense core of the spray (Leick et al 2007;Tanner et al 2006;Ramirez et al 2009). Visible light is highly scattered by fuel parcels, so the intensity is rapidly contemplates the fuel mass, due to the fact that x-ray absorption by the air entrained into the jet is negligible.…”

Section: Measurement Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last years, new and original techniques have been developed, helping to get further information about spray structure. As an example, x-ray measurements have shown to be useful in order to obtain information about mass distribution in the dense primary break-up (Leick et al 2007;Tanner et al 2006;Ramirez et al 2009). As a consequence, in some cases, microscopic measurements are becoming as reliable as macroscopic ones, so that the relationship existing between them can be properly studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of mass and momentum transfer in diesel sprays based on X-ray mass distribution measurements and on a theoretical derivation

et al. 2010

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In this paper a research aimed at quantifying mass and momentum transfer in the near-nozzle field of diesel sprays injected into stagnant ambient air is reported. The study combines x-ray measurements for two different nozzles and axial positions, which provide mass distributions in the spray, with a theoretical model based on momentum flux conservation which was previously validated. This investigation has allowed the validation of Gaussian profiles for local fuel concentration and velocity near the nozzle exit, as well as the determination of Schmidt number at realistic diesel spray conditions. This information could be very useful for those who are interested in spray modelling, especially at high pressure injection conditions.

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“…Undoubtedly, if one intends to improve the performance of the injection system and the subsequent combustion, one must first deeply understand all the phenomena involved in the own process of injection and atomization of the spray Som and Aggarwal (2009) ;Payri et al (2009) ;Park et al (2009c,a,b); Ramírez et al (2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow regime effects on non-cavitating injection nozzles over spray behavior

Payri

Salvador

Novella

2011

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow

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This paper deals with the influence of flow regime (laminar, transition or turbulent) on the internal flow behavior, and how it affects the spray development in diesel nozzles. In particular, the research described here aims at studying and quantifying the internal flow regime effects on the spray behavior. With this purpose, internal flow results, based on mass flow rate and momentum flux measurements performed on three different tapered nozzles and which helped to determine the flow regime, has been taken into account as a point of departure for the spray behavior analysis. Thus, in this work, spray macroscopic visualization tests have been performed and analyzed which clearly revealed a change in the behavior of the angle and penetration of the spray related to the change of the flow nature. Moreover, with all the experimental data available, it has been possible to relate macroscopic parameters of the spray with those describing the internal flow (momentum and effective velocity) or the geometry of the nozzle (length or diameter) through correlations. A o Orifice outlet section area.C Spray penetration adjustment constant.C a Area Coefficient.D ef Effective diameter. r Inlet curvature radius.Re Reynolds number.S Spray penetration. ∆p Pressure drop across the nozzle.ρ a Discharge gas density.ρ f Fuel density.θ Spray angle.

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Quantitative X-ray measurements of high-pressure fuel sprays from a production heavy duty diesel injector

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Fuel concentration in isothermal Diesel sprays through structured planar laser imaging measurements

Fuel concentration in isothermal Diesel sprays through structured planar laser imaging measurements

Study of mass and momentum transfer in diesel sprays based on X-ray mass distribution measurements and on a theoretical derivation

Flow regime effects on non-cavitating injection nozzles over spray behavior

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