“…This issue is probably most important for anionic and neutral systems. Predicted fractionations in cationic systems, such as Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ appear, thus far, to be less sensitive to the choice of basis set and exchange-correlation functional (Jarzecki et al, 2004;Anbar et al, 2005;Hill and Schauble, 2008;Domagal-Goldman and Kubicki, 2008;Domagal-Goldman et al, 2009;Rustad and Dixon, 2009), although in terms of the percent variation in the total fractionation (10 3 lna), the uncertainties in this system are similar to the iron system.…”