“…For instance, the electronic energy transfer processes in photosynthesis and the dynamical decoherence in quantum bit systems exhibit strong non-Markovian behavior [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. In recent decades, increasing attention has been attracted to theoretically studying the dynamics of open quantum systems beyond the framework of Markovian approximation [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], and there have been well established theoretical approaches to study the non-Markovian dynamics of open quantum systems within the framework of classical and quantum treatments [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ]. Meanwhile, the coherence and entanglement revivals and entanglement sudden death and rebirth phenomena have been extensively studied theoretically and observed experimentally in the presence of the non-Markovian behavior in the quantum dynamics [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ,…”