Quark- and gluon-jet emission from primordial black holes: The instantaneous spectra

MacGibbon, Jane H.; Webber, B.R.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.41.3052

Cited by 321 publications

(470 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

457

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The photons which are directly radiated (not the result of decay of other primary particles) are visible as a much smaller peak at a much higher photon energy proportional to the black hole temperature [11]. As the evaporation proceeds to higher temperatures, the greater will be the number of emitted fundamental particle degrees of freedom.…”

Section: Primordial Black Hole Burst Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Milagro limits and HAWC sensitivity for the rate-density of evaporating Primordial Black Holes

Abdo

Abeysekara

Alfaro

et al. 2015

Astroparticle Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are gravitationally collapsed objects that may have been created by density fluctuations in the early universe and could have arbitrarily small masses down to the Planck scale. Hawking showed that due to quantum effects, a black hole has a temperature inversely proportional to its mass and will emit all species of fundamental particles thermally. PBHs with initial masses of ∼ 5.0 × 10 14 g should be expiring in the present epoch with bursts of high-energy particles, including gamma radiation in the GeV -TeV energy range. The Milagro high energy observatory, which operated from 2000 to 2008, is sensitive to the high end of the PBH evaporation gamma-ray spectrum. Due to its large field-of-view, more than 90% duty cycle and sensitivity up to 100 TeV gamma rays, the Milagro observatory is well suited to perform a search for PBH bursts. Based on a search on the Milagro data, we report new PBH burst rate density upper limits over a range of PBH observation times. In addition, we report the sensitivity of the Milagro successor, the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, to PBH evaporation events.

show abstract

Section: Primordial Black Hole Burst Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Milagro limits and HAWC sensitivity for the rate-density of evaporating Primordial Black Holes

Abdo

Abeysekara

Alfaro

et al. 2015

Astroparticle Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Here x φ denotes the fraction of PBH luminosity |dM/dt ′ | carried away by moduli; for the MSSM content, x φ ≃ 6 × 10 −3 for s = 0 with one degree of freedom (e.g., a modulus field), x φ ≃ 6 × 10 −3 for s = 1/2 with two degrees of freedom (e.g., helicity ±1/2 states of the gravitino), and x φ ≃ 9×10 −4 for s = 3/2 with 2 degrees of freedom (e.g., helicity ±3/2 states of the gravitino) [11] (see also previous footnote). The δ distribution can be rewritten as a function of t, using the identity: δ[f (t)] = |df /dt| −1 δ(t − t s ), where t s is such that f (t s ) = 0 (here t s is uniquely and implicitly defined in terms of k, k ′ ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11] for other spins, while the fraction of luminosity emitted in spin s = 3/2 (noted x φ in the following) is given in Ref. [11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a first approximation, it is sufficient to assume that all φ particles are emitted at the same average energy, parametrized as αT (t); α is a constant which depends on s, with α ≃ 2.8 for s = 0, α ∼ 4 for s = 1/2, and α ∼ 7 − 8 for s = 3/2 ‡ [11].This approximation suffices as the energy at peak flux corresponds to the average energy to within ≃ 10% [11], and since the injection spectrum cuts-off exponentially for k > αT , and as a power-law for k < αT . The initial mass fraction of PBHs is approximated to a delta function centered on M BH .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) † The lifetime of a black hole depends on the number of degrees of freedom g s in each spin s in the radiation [11]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Moduli constraints on primordial black holes

Lemoine¹

2000

Physics Letters B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The amount of late decaying massive particles (e.g., gravitinos, moduli) produced in the evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) of mass M BH < ∼ 10 9 g is calculated.Limits imposed by big-bang nucleosynthesis on the abundance of these particles are used to constrain the initial PBH mass fraction β (ratio of PBH energy density to critical energy density at formation), as: β < ∼ 5 × 10 −19 (x φ /6 10 −3 ) −1 (M BH /10 9 g) −1/2 (Y φ /10 −14 ); x φ is the fraction of PBH luminosity going into gravitinos or moduli, Y φ is the upper bound imposed by nucleosynthesis on the number density to entropy density ratio of gravitinos or moduli. This notably implies that such PBHs should never come to dominate the cosmic energy density.PACS numbers: 98.80.Cq * email: Martin.Lemoine@obspm.fr 1 1. Introduction -The spectrum of locally supersymmetric theories generically contain fields whose interactions are gravitational, and whose mass m φ ∼ O(100 GeV). The Polonyi and gravitino fields of supergravity theories, or the moduli of string theories, are such examples. This leads to well-known cosmological difficulties: quite notably, such particles (hereafter generically noted φ and termed moduli) decay on a timescale τ φ ∼ M 2 Pl /m 3 φ ∼ 10 8 s (m φ /100 GeV) −3 , i.e., after big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), and the decay products may drastically alter the light elements abundances [1]. The success of BBN predictions provides in turn a stringent upper limit on the number density to entropy density ratio (Y φ ) of these moduli, generically Y φ < ∼ 10 −14 [2] (see Sec. 3).It is argued in this letter that these same constraints can be translated into stringent constraints on the abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) with mass M BH < ∼ 10 9 g. In effect, moduli are expected to be part of the Hawking radiation of an evaporating black hole as soon as the temperature of the black hole exceeds (roughly speaking) the rest-mass m φ ; and indeed, the Hawking temperature of a PBH reads T BH ≡ m 2 Pl /M BH ≃ 10 4 GeV (M BH /10 9 g) −1 [3]. Primordial black holes are liable to form in the early Universe at various epochs, e.g., when a density fluctuation re-enters the horizon with an overdensity of order unity [4], or when the speed of sound vanishes [5] (as may occur in phase transitions). As a consequence, constraints on the abundance of PBHs can be translated into constraints on the structure of the very early Universe [6]. Until recently, the only existing constraint on PBHs of mass M BH < ∼ 10 9 g relied on the assumption that via evaporation, PBHs leave behind stable Planck mass relics [7]. However, recent work from the perspective of string theories seems to indicate that this is not the case [8], in particular that evaporation proceeds fully. Nevertheless, Green [9] has pointed out recently that such PBHs would also produce supersymmetric particles, and consequently, cosmological constraints on the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) density could be turned into constraints on the initial PBH mass fraction β (defi...

show abstract

Holographic insights and puzzles

Hubeny

2011

Fortschritte der Physik

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The talk is composed of two parts, both set within the AdS/CFT context. In the first part, I discuss holographic insight into strongly coupled field theory in a black hole background. I conjecture two new gravitational solutions, dubbed black funnels and black droplets, which describe two distinct deconfined phases in the field theory at finite temperature. I also briefly mention puzzles associated with an analogous set-up in a rotating black hole background. In the second part of the talk, I discuss time-dependent states in a CFT on flat spacetime background, exemplified by the conformal soliton flow. Here I focus on puzzles regarding the nature of entropy in time-evolving states and its holographic dual.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures; prepared for the Proceedings of the XVIth European Workshop on String Theory, Madrid, Spain, June 14-18 201

show abstract

Quark- and gluon-jet emission from primordial black holes: The instantaneous spectra

Cited by 321 publications

References 31 publications

Milagro limits and HAWC sensitivity for the rate-density of evaporating Primordial Black Holes

Milagro limits and HAWC sensitivity for the rate-density of evaporating Primordial Black Holes

Moduli constraints on primordial black holes

Holographic insights and puzzles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About