“…Approaches based on polynomial basis coupled with nonstandard variational formulations (such as [75]) have been proposed in order to approximate the Helmholtz operator so that the resulting discrete problems have better stability properties. For example, with an appropriate choice of coefficients, low-order compact finite-difference discretizations can effectively reduce the dispersion error [35,58,80]. Other instances of such approaches are the generalized finite element method (GFEM) [4] and continuous interior penalty finite element method (CIP-FEM) [107,111], the interpolated optimized finite-difference method (IOFD) [93,94], Galerkin methods with hp refinement [70,72,73], among many others.…”