Quasi-Perceptual Margins in Homogeneously Stimulated Fields

Kanizsa, Gaetano

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4760-9_4

Cited by 51 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…A stimulus configuration which produces brightness enhancement similar to Schumann's was devised by Kanizsa (1955Kanizsa ( , 1974. It is made of three black discs with cutouts ('pacmen') aligned at the corners of a virtual triangle (figure 2a).…”

Section: Illusory Contours Surfaces Brightness and Colour In Ehrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In figure 2d, the blank sectors have been narrowed so that corresponding inducing edges are no longer aligned. As a consequence, curved contours are perceived which deviate from the extrapolated, straight orientations of the sector angles (see also Kanizsa 1955Kanizsa ,1974.…”

Section: Illusory Contours Surfaces Brightness and Colour In Ehrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the methodological and conceptual differences between the various approaches make a clear and distinctive categorisation of the various phenomena difficult. This difficulty is reflected in the multitude of names that have been used by different authors to refer to illusory contours: 'apparent edges' (Schumann 1900), 'quasi-perceptive contours' (Kanizsa 1955), 'virtual contours' (Mori 1959;Goldstein and Weintraub 1972), 'incomplete borders' (Mori and Ronchi 1960), 'anomalous contours' (Lawson and Gulick 1967;Minguzzi 1982Minguzzi , 1984Sambin 1987;Peterhans and von der Heydt 1991), 'cognitive contours' (Gregory 1972), 'subjective contours' (Coren 1972;Kanizsa 1976), 'contours without gradients' (Kanizsa 1974), 'illusory contours' , and 'contours bridging gaps' (Peterhans and von der Heydt 1989). Some of these terms date back to the earliest attempts to explain illusory form.…”

Section: Earlier Explanations That Do Not Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The notion of Gestalt completion for explaining illusory surfaces was introduced by Kanizsa (1955Kanizsa ( , 1974Kanizsa ( , 1976Kanizsa ( , 1979 to account for brightness enhancement in both the Ehrenstein illusion and the Kanizsa triangle. It implies that the observer perceives the illusory surface because this is the simplest and most economic way in which the (apparently incomplete) stimulus configuration can be seen as a 'whole'.…”

Section: The Concept Of Gestalt Completionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenomena of Illusory Form: Can We Bridge the Gap between Levels of Explanation?

Spillmann

Dresp²

1995

Perception

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Abstract. The study of illusory brightness and contour phenomena has become an important tool in modern brain research. Gestalt, cognitive, neural, and computational approaches are reviewed and their explanatory powers are discussed in the light of empirical data. Two wellknown phenomena of illusory form are dealt with, the Ehrenstein illusion and the Kanizsa triangle. It is argued that the gap between the different levels of explanation, bottom-up versus top-down, creates scientific barriers which have all too often engendered unnecessary debate about who is right and who is wrong. In this review of the literature we favour an integrative approach to the question of how illusory form is derived from stimulus configurations which provide the visual system with seemingly incomplete information. The processes that can explain the emergence of these phenomena range from local feature detection to global strategies of perceptual organisation. These processes may be similar to those that help us restore partially occluded objects in everyday vision. To understand better the Ehrenstein and Kanizsa illusions, it is proposed that different levels of analysis and explanation are not mutually exclusive, but complementary. Theories of illusory contour and form perception must, therefore, take into account the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms and their possible interactions with cognitive and attentional processes.

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Section: Illusory Contours Surfaces Brightness and Colour In Ehrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Illusory Contours Surfaces Brightness and Colour In Ehrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Earlier Explanations That Do Not Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Concept Of Gestalt Completionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Phenomena of Illusory Form: Can We Bridge the Gap between Levels of Explanation?

Spillmann

Dresp²

1995

Perception

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show abstract

“…However, there is a possible alternative explanation of their results that would neither force abandonment of TSM nor force acceptance of the possibility of spatiotemporal context effects (e.g., the ambiguity theory). Consider Figure 3A, which is similar to various Kanizsa illusions (Kanizsa, 1987). In Figure 3A, an illusory white border can be perceived as surrounding the gray square and partially occluding four complete black disks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 78%