Quasi-phase-matched difference-frequency generation in periodically poled Ti:LiNbO_3 channel waveguides

Hofmann, D.; Schreiber, Gerhard; Haase, Christa; Herrmann, Harald; Grundkötter, W.; Ricken, Raimund; Sohler, W.

doi:10.1364/ol.24.000896

Cited by 66 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Enhancement of the mid-infrared output power in DFG by use of optical amplifiers, build-up cavities, or laser intracavity DFG typically increases the system cost and complexity, which is disadvantageous in field applications of molecular spectroscopy. Difference-frequency generation in a quasiphase-matched waveguide nonlinear crystal, on the other hand, is an elegant solution to increase the output power without adding much to system cost, size, or complexity [34,42,43,44,45]. A waveguide fabricated in the crystal concentrates the input laser fields in a small mode area of approximately 100 µm 2 .…”

Section: Typical Implementationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Use of a chirped or apodized QPM instead of a uniform QPM structure reduces the output power by an order of magnitude, but provides a wavelength tuning range of tens of nanometres with a single waveguide, without the need to change the crystal temperature [34]. The input beams can be coupled into the waveguide in free space, by tightly focusing the beams into the input aperture of the waveguide [44]. However, owing to the small size of the aperture, fibre coupling is often a more convenient and reliable solution, especially in field applications [34].…”

Section: Typical Implementationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mid-infrared optical parametric oscillators and frequency combs for molecular spectroscopy

Vainio

Halonen

2016

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

138

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Nonlinear optical frequency conversion is one of the most versatile methods to generate wavelength-tunable laser light in the mid-infrared region. This spectral region is particularly important for trace gas detection and other applications of molecular spectroscopy, because it accommodates the fundamental vibrational bands of several interesting molecules. In this article, we review the progress of the most significant nonlinear optics instruments for widely tunable, high-resolution mid-infrared spectroscopy: continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators and difference frequency generators. We extend our discussion to mid-infrared optical frequency combs, which are becoming increasingly important spectroscopic tools, owing to their capability of highly sensitive and selective parallel detection of several molecular species. To illustrate the potential and limitations of mid-infrared sources based on nonlinear optics, we also review typical uses of these instruments in both applied and fundamental spectroscopy.

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Section: Typical Implementationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Typical Implementationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-infrared optical parametric oscillators and frequency combs for molecular spectroscopy

Vainio

Halonen

2016

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

138

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“…Since the Tiindiffusion process temperature is high, the QPM structure must be formed after the waveguide preparation. A related problem is that an unwanted domain-inverted layer of ∼ 50 μm thickness is formed on the initial +Z surface by Li 2 O outdiffusion during the Ti-indiffusion process, disabling the domain inversion [115]. The QPM structures are formed by removing the unwanted domain-inverted layer by polishing, uniform domain inversion, and applying a voltage pulse through a periodic electrode.…”

Section: Device Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of quantum‐entangled twin photons by waveguide nonlinear‐optic devices

Suhara

2009

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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This paper reviews the quasi-phase-matched (QPM) waveguide nonlinear-optic device technologies for generation of quantum-entangled twin photons indispensable for quantuminformation techniques. After a brief introduction to the concept of entanglement, quantum theory analysis of twin-photon generation (TPG) is outlined to clarify the properties of twin photons. Then, methods for entangled-photon generation are discussed. Practical design and theoretical performances of LiNbO3 waveguide QPM TPG devices, as well as the fabrication techniques, are described. Finally, experimental demonstrations of polarization-entangled twin-photon generation by waveguide Type-I and Type-II QPM TPG devices are presented.C h a n n e l W a v e g u i d e L i N b O 3 C r y s t a l D o m a i n -I n v e r t e d G r a t i n g f o r T y p e -I I Q P M P u m p W a v e O u t p u t C r o s s -P o l a r i z e d T w i n P h o t o n s w

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“…When a continuous input wave is used, the efficiency can be improved by increasing the interaction length. There have been many publications on highly efficient LiNbO 3 (LN) second-order nonlinear optic wavelength conversion devices [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of ultra‐short pulse wavelength conversion characteristics of LiNbO₃ waveguide nonlinear‐optic devices

Ishizuki

Suhara

Nishihara

2003

Electron Comm Jpn Pt II

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SUMMARYThe pulse wavelength conversion characteristics of various nonlinear optical processes in LiNbO 3 waveguide nonlinear optic devices are analyzed by the beam propagation method. Detailed data for estimation of device characteristics and for optimal device design for a 1.5-µm-band signal are presented. The following results are obtained. (1) The conversion efficiency of second harmonic generation decreases as the pulse width of the input pump wave is decreased, and is improved as the device length is increased in the range where the walkoff between the optical waves is short. (2) In difference frequency generation, the optical pulse width of the difference frequency is close to that of the input signal wave. In continuous wave pumping, high efficiency is realized by increasing the device length. (3) In cascade second harmonic generation/difference frequency generation, high efficiency can be realized by increasing the device length in both continuous wave pumping and difference frequency pumping.

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Quasi-phase-matched difference-frequency generation in periodically poled Ti:LiNbO_3 channel waveguides

Cited by 66 publications

References 9 publications

Mid-infrared optical parametric oscillators and frequency combs for molecular spectroscopy

Mid-infrared optical parametric oscillators and frequency combs for molecular spectroscopy

Generation of quantum‐entangled twin photons by waveguide nonlinear‐optic devices

Numerical analysis of ultra‐short pulse wavelength conversion characteristics of LiNbO₃ waveguide nonlinear‐optic devices

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Quasi-phase-matched difference-frequency generation in periodically poled Ti:LiNbO_3 channel waveguides

Cited by 66 publications

References 9 publications

Mid-infrared optical parametric oscillators and frequency combs for molecular spectroscopy

Mid-infrared optical parametric oscillators and frequency combs for molecular spectroscopy

Generation of quantum‐entangled twin photons by waveguide nonlinear‐optic devices

Numerical analysis of ultra‐short pulse wavelength conversion characteristics of LiNbO3 waveguide nonlinear‐optic devices

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Numerical analysis of ultra‐short pulse wavelength conversion characteristics of LiNbO₃ waveguide nonlinear‐optic devices