2017
DOI: 10.1002/2016ja023832
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Quasi‐thermal noise and shot noise spectroscopy on a CubeSat in Earth's ionosphere

Abstract: We investigate the practicality of using quasi‐thermal noise (QTN) and shot noise spectroscopy on a CubeSat in the Earth's ionosphere and constrain the satellite antenna length for optimal detection of these signals. The voltage spectra predicted for thermal Langmuir waves (QTN) and particle “shot noise” are modeled, and it is shown that the signals detected can provide two very good, independent, passive, in situ methods of measuring the plasma density and temperature in the ionosphere. The impact of the ante… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…Figure 7 compares the predicted combined QTN and shot noise spectra at 300-, 800-, and 1,500-km altitude, as calculated in Maj and Cairns (2017), the spectra predicted for dust in Figures 5 and 6, and the spectrum for a single 5 μm particle impact at 300 and 800 km. The expressions used to model the QTN and shot noise are taken from Couturier et al (1981) and Meyer-Vernet and Perche (1989) and use the method for determining antenna potential developed in Maj and Cairns (2017). The average ionospheric conditions for the electron density and temperature are used to determine the spectrum and are calculated from data for the (Bilitza, 2015).…”
Section: Model For Single Particle Impactmentioning
confidence: 98%
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“…Figure 7 compares the predicted combined QTN and shot noise spectra at 300-, 800-, and 1,500-km altitude, as calculated in Maj and Cairns (2017), the spectra predicted for dust in Figures 5 and 6, and the spectrum for a single 5 μm particle impact at 300 and 800 km. The expressions used to model the QTN and shot noise are taken from Couturier et al (1981) and Meyer-Vernet and Perche (1989) and use the method for determining antenna potential developed in Maj and Cairns (2017). The average ionospheric conditions for the electron density and temperature are used to determine the spectrum and are calculated from data for the (Bilitza, 2015).…”
Section: Model For Single Particle Impactmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…However, for the impact speeds considered in this paper (estimated later but ≈10 km/s) the impact plasma cloud is expected to have a temperature on the order of 5 eV (Collette et al, ). In the ionosphere at an altitude of 300 km, the spacecraft is expected to charge to an average of only −0.46 V based on the various natural electron and ion currents flowing onto the spacecraft (Maj & Cairns, ). This is quite low compared to spacecraft in the solar wind such as STEREO, where the spacecraft body would charge to a potential on the order of 7–10 V (Zaslavsky, ) and which is therefore able to attract much of the charges back after impact.…”
Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…To model an antenna, parameters such as the gain, radiation pattern, and impedance may need to be known. This is also true for antennas used to diagnose space plasmas through quasi-thermal noise (QTN) and shot noise spectroscopy assuming Maxwellian or Kappa velocity distribution functions (VDFs) (Couturier et al, 1981;Kellogg, 1981;Le Chat et al, 2009;Meyer-Vernet, 1983;Meyer-Vernet & Perche, 1989;Maksimovic et al, 1995;Maj & Cairns, 2017). QTN is due to the thermal motions of plasma particles producing electrostatic Langmuir waves, which can be detected with sensitive receivers (Meyer-Vernet & Perche, 1989;Meyer-Vernet et al, 2017;Maj & Cairns, 2017).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is also true for antennas used to diagnose space plasmas through quasi-thermal noise (QTN) and shot noise spectroscopy assuming Maxwellian or Kappa velocity distribution functions (VDFs) (Couturier et al, 1981;Kellogg, 1981;Le Chat et al, 2009;Meyer-Vernet, 1983;Meyer-Vernet & Perche, 1989;Maksimovic et al, 1995;Maj & Cairns, 2017). QTN is due to the thermal motions of plasma particles producing electrostatic Langmuir waves, which can be detected with sensitive receivers (Meyer-Vernet & Perche, 1989;Meyer-Vernet et al, 2017;Maj & Cairns, 2017). Shot noise is due to the impact of plasma particles with the antenna producing voltage peaks/troughs, which can be approximated by a step function at low frequencies and are again detectable with a sensitive receiver (Meyer-Vernet, 1983;Meyer-Vernet & Perche, 1989;Maj & Cairns, 2017).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%