Quasi-unidirectional flax composite reinforcement: Deformability and complex shape forming

Vanleeuw, Bart; Carvelli, Valter; Barburski, Marcin; Lomov, Stepan Vladimirovitch; Vuure, Aart Willem Van

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2015.01.024

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In addition, the loads on the specimen coming from gravity are precisely known. The proposed bending test uses the cantilever test which is one of methods for textile material bending measurement . The objective of the present work lies in the measure and computation of a smooth curvature.…”

Section: Working Principle Of the Developed Bending Stiffness Test Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Curvature determination in the bending test of continuous fibre reinforcements

Liang

Chaudet

Boisse

2016

Strain

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Bending deformation is one of the main deformation modes in the forming of continuous fibre reinforcements. It is very specific compared to the classical continuous materials. In most textile material forming simulation models, bending stiffness is neglected, but taking into account it would give a more accurate predication, particularly the shape of wrinkles. In the deformation, fibres constituting the reinforcement can slide to each other, resulting in the bending stiffness of reinforcement is not directly related to its in‐plane tensile modulus as the classical continuous materials. Consequently, it is necessary to determine the bending stiffness by the experimental method. A cantilever bending stiffness test approach was proposed to measure the bending stiffness of continuous fibre reinforcements. A CCD camera was used to take the bending deflection shape. To calculate the curvature of bending deflection curve, uniform quartic B‐spline curve was chosen. A detailed process of curvature calculating of deflection curve was given in this paper. A single bending test gives the bending moment as a function of curvature from zero to the maximum value. Bending tests were conducted to validate the capacity of the proposed approach. A smooth curvature plot along the bending deflection curve was obtained for different types of reinforcements, and the non‐linear bending deformation behaviour can be identified with the proposed bending test method.

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Section: Working Principle Of the Developed Bending Stiffness Test Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Curvature determination in the bending test of continuous fibre reinforcements

Liang

Chaudet

Boisse

2016

Strain

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“…A probably more realistic estimation can be done based on the knowledge of the flax fibres density, by means of the following equation [ 9 , 12 ]:

where m f is the total fibres mass weight, obtained from the fabric areal weight, ν f is the flax fibres density and V c is the volume of the composite sample used for the calculation. Results of v f calculated from Equation (1), based on the assumption that ν f = 1.4 g/cm 3 [ 12 , 24 ], are also reported in Table 1 for comparison.…”

Section: Materials and Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Flax-Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Laminates for Industrial Applications

2015

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The present work describes the experimental mechanical characterisation of a natural flax fibre reinforced epoxy polymer composite. A commercial plain woven quasi-unidirectional flax fabric with spun-twisted yarns is employed in particular, as well as unidirectional composite panels manufactured with three techniques: hand-lay-up, vacuum bagging and resin infusion. The stiffness and strength behaviours are investigated under both monotonic and low-cycle fatigue loadings. The analysed material has, in particular, shown a typical bilinear behaviour under pure traction, with a knee yield point occurring at a rather low stress value, after which the material tensile stiffness is significantly reduced. In the present work, such a mechanism is investigated by a phenomenological approach, performing periodical loading/unloading cycles, and repeating tensile tests on previously “yielded” samples to assess the evolution of stiffness behaviour. Infrared thermography is also employed to measure the temperature of specimens during monotonic and cyclic loading. In the first case, the thermal signal is monitored to correlate departures from the thermoelastic behaviour with the onset of energy loss mechanisms. In the case of cyclic loading, the thermoelastic signal and the second harmonic component are both determined in order to investigate the extent of elastic behaviour of the material.

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“…The fabric had an areal weight of 180 grams per square meter. The density of flax is 1.4 g/cm 3 [41].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unidirectional Rubber-Toughened Green Composites Based on PHBV

Zaidi

Crosky

2019

Sustainability

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The large-scale entry of bio-based polymers, such as poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV), in applications commonly occupied by petroleum-based plastics is heavily limited by their poorer mechanical properties, thus, hindering efforts to reduce harmful plastic waste. Prior work to improve these properties has involved short natural fibre reinforcements, which do not produce substantial improvements. In this work, PHBV was simultaneously reinforced with unidirectional flax and toughened with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) or epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) to produce well-rounded composites. Toughened unidirectional composites were prepared by cryogenic grinding, powder layup and compression moulding. Unidirectional flax addition resulted in 4-fold increases in tensile properties, 3-fold increases in flexural properties and 20-fold increases in impact properties, whilst producing minimal change in the thermal properties. PBAT and ENR phases appeared well bonded to the PHBV within the composite. The addition of PBAT did not cause any significant changes in thermal or mechanical properties. The addition of ENR, however, reduced the tensile modulus and the flexural properties but produced a significant increase in impact strength, attributed to the coarse particle size of ENR. Unidirectional flax reinforcement of PHBV widens the scope of application of PHBV considerably where mechanical properties are of concern, while ENR has significant potential as a bio-based toughening agent for biocomposites.

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Quasi-unidirectional flax composite reinforcement: Deformability and complex shape forming

Cited by 34 publications

References 47 publications

Curvature determination in the bending test of continuous fibre reinforcements

Curvature determination in the bending test of continuous fibre reinforcements

Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Flax-Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Laminates for Industrial Applications

Unidirectional Rubber-Toughened Green Composites Based on PHBV

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