Quaternary sedimentation of the principal deltas of Vietnam

Nghi, Tran; Toan, Ngo Quang; Thanh, Do Thi Van; Minh, Nguyen Dinh; Vuong, Nguyen Van

doi:10.1016/0743-9547(91)90101-3

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The LH aquifer has a very irregular thickness and partly exists only as large sandy lenses imbedded in a more silty matrix. The lithology is characterized by gray, very fine-to-medium sands laminated with greenish-gray silty-clays and organic-rich peat layers (5,29,30). There are two Pleistocene aquifers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mostly lies on top of a massive clay layer and is part of the Thai Binh formation. The UH aquifer consists of sandy silt and clay deposited in a delta plain environment (29,31). The UH aquifer did not show significance during logistic regressions (p − value > 0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Lower Pleistocene (LP) aquifer, part of the Hanoi formation (lower boundary: 700,000 y B.P. ), mainly consists of coarse yellow and brown sediments (15,29) and is the only aquifer in the delta with an almost homogeneous presence. The Upper Pleistocene (UP) aquifer (lower boundary 125,000 y B.P.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arsenic pollution of groundwater in Vietnam exacerbated by deep aquifer exploitation for more than a century

Winkel

Trang

Lan

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

271

173

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Arsenic contamination of shallow groundwater is among the biggest health threats in the developing world. Targeting uncontaminated deep aquifers is a popular mitigation option although its long-term impact remains unknown. Here we present the alarming results of a large-scale groundwater survey covering the entire Red River Delta and a unique probability model based on three-dimensional Quaternary geology. Our unprecedented dataset reveals that ∼7 million delta inhabitants use groundwater contaminated with toxic elements, including manganese, selenium, and barium. Depth-resolved probabilities and arsenic concentrations indicate drawdown of arsenic-enriched waters from Holocene aquifers to naturally uncontaminated Pleistocene aquifers as a result of >100 years of groundwater abstraction. Vertical arsenic migration induced by large-scale pumping from deep aquifers has been discussed to occur elsewhere, but has never been shown to occur at the scale seen here. The present situation in the Red River Delta is a warning for other As-affected regions where groundwater is extensively pumped from uncontaminated aquifers underlying high arsenic aquifers or zones.three-dimensional risk modeling | anthropogenic influence | drinking water resources | geogenic contamination | health threat

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Arsenic pollution of groundwater in Vietnam exacerbated by deep aquifer exploitation for more than a century

Winkel

Trang

Lan

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

271

173

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“…Many parts of the coastal zone are tectonically unstable. Studies in Vietnam, therefore, have had to rely on indicators of former sea levels in distant tectonically stable areas (Do Van Tu, 1985;Nguyen Duc Tam, 1989;Tran Duc Thanh, 1991;Tran Nghi, 1991;Tran Nghi et al ., 1991;Doan Dinh Lam and Boyd, 2000). This is a problem also encountered elsewhere on the Vietnamese coast (Le Duc An, 1996;Van Lap Nguyen et al ., 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Holocene Elevated Sea Levels on the North Coast of Vietnam

Boyd¹,

Lâm²

2004

Australian Geographical Studies

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We present evidence of elevated Holocene sea levels on the north coast of Vietnam, comprising radiocarbon dating of raised coastal geomorphological and palaeobiological features at localities on the margins of the Bac Bo (Red River) Plain. This evidence indicates that by ca. 5500 cal yr B.P. mid-tide lay approximately 5.4 m above national datum, that is 3.25 m above present local mid-tide. By c. 3500 cal yr B.P., sea level was lowering and, by ca. 2000 cal yr B.P., mid-tide lay at or above 1.5 m above present local mid-tide. It is not yet possible to infer patterns of sea-level fluctuation other than an overall lowering of elevation, although the separation of the raised and modern erosion notches does suggest two dominant mid to late Holocene periods of erosion -probably periods of sea-level still-stand or relatively slow sea-level change. The intervening period of relatively rapid sea-level change and associated reduced erosion probably dates to after ca. 2000 cal yr B.P..

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“…The Southwest of RRD is covered by Quaternary sediments with thickness varies from 40-50m in apex to 200m in the centre of the study area [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. According to [18,19], the formation of Quaternary sediments was controlled by sea level change and could be divided into 5 cycles. The first two of these cycles were of lower to middle Pleistocene age and composed of coarse grained alluvial/fluvial deposits, followed by an upper Pleistocene cycle of fluvial deposits, which was grading upwards into deltaic-lacustrine swamp environment sediments.…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Groundwater Intrusion in the Pleistocene Aquifer in the Southern Part of the Red River Delta, Vietnam

Hoan¹,

Larsen²,

Lam³

et al. 2018

EES

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Abstract:Fresh groundwater was found in the Pleistocene aquifer in the southern part of the Red River Delta in 70"s of last century. It is located mainly in the south of Nam Dinh province and small part in southeast of Ninh Binh province. The fresh-saline boundary seems to migrate southward recently and downsize the area of fresh groundwater. It is necessary to find out the mechanisms of salt intrusion into the zone of freshwater in order to mitigate the negative impacts to the quality of water supply. Based on the survey data of groundwater chemistry, transient electromagnetic sounding, borehole logging, drilling, and chemical analysis of pore water squeezed from the low permeable sediment in the study region, it was determined the current spatial distribution of saline water in the Pleistocene aquifer and in marine clay layers. By combining these data with the results from previous studies, this study has determined the mechanisms of the salt intrusion into the freshwater zone. It was found that salinity in the Pleistocene aquifer is generated from two main sources (1) Vertical salt intrusion from the upper marine clay layer which is controlled by the diffusion and density flow and (2) Horizontal saltwater incursion due to the high hydraulic gradient which is controlled by the convection and dispersion which was generated by over groundwater exploitation.

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Quaternary sedimentation of the principal deltas of Vietnam

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Arsenic pollution of groundwater in Vietnam exacerbated by deep aquifer exploitation for more than a century

Arsenic pollution of groundwater in Vietnam exacerbated by deep aquifer exploitation for more than a century

Holocene Elevated Sea Levels on the North Coast of Vietnam

Salt Groundwater Intrusion in the Pleistocene Aquifer in the Southern Part of the Red River Delta, Vietnam

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