Quaternary time scales for the Pontocaspian domain: Interbasinal connectivity and faunal evolution

Krijgsman, Wout; Tesakov, Alexey S.; Yanina, Т.А.; Lazarev, Sergei; Danukalova, Guzel; Baak, Christiaan van; Agustı́, Jordi; Alçiçek, Mehmet Cihat; Aliyeva, E.; Bista, Diksha; Bruch, Angela A; Büyükmeriç, Yeşim; Bukhsianidze, Maia; Flecker, Rachel; Frolov, P. D.; Hoyle, Thomas M.; Jorissen, Elisabeth L.; Kirscher, Uwe; Koriche, Sifan A.; Kroonenberg, S.B.; Lordkipanidze, David; Oms, Oriol; Rausch, Lea; Singarayer, Joy; Stoica, Marius; Velde, Sabrina van de; Титов, В.В.; Wesselingh, Frank P.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.10.013

Cited by 180 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 178 publications

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“…Species that evolved in the isolated realm of Lake Pannon successfully migrated into the Dacian Basin, Euxinic Basin and Caspian Basin during the early Pontian flooding event (6.1 Ma) (Krijgsman et al, 2010;Stoica et al, 2013Stoica et al, , 2016, that re-connected the once separated basins of the Paratethys. This enabled the fauna to survive through the late Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene and recent times within ecological analogues of Lake Pannon in nowadays Black Sea region (Razim-Sinoe lake complex, Romania) and the Caspian Sea (e.g., Grigorovich et al, 2003;Yanina, 2012;Krijgsman et al, 2019;Velde and Jorissen, 2019). Ostracods, bivalved crustaceans that are often mistakenly overlooked due to their diminutive size, provide the means to study the biotic response to past palaeoecological-and palaeogeographic changes (Whatley, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Late Miocene – Early Pliocene Paratethyan Type Ostracod Fauna From the Denizli Basin (Sw Anatolia) and Its Palaeogeographic Implications

Rausch¹,

Stoica²,

Lazarev³

2020

Actapalrom

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The upper Miocenelower Pliocene sedimentary succession of the Denizli Basin (SW Anatolia) displays a unique record of undisturbed stratigraphy and provides an excellent opportunity to study long-term palaeoecological changes. This paper documents the ostracod assemblages of two sections of the Neogene Kolankaya Formation, resulting in the following taxonomic, palaeobiogeographic and ecological interpretations. The ostracod assemblages from the two sections consist of a mixture of oligohaline to mesohaline tolerant taxa but expose fundamental differences in their composition. This is reflected by the fact that out of 32 determined species, both sections only have 3 in common. In the stratigraphic older succession, the diverse ostracod fauna resembles taxa known from the Paratethys. Faunal relations to the brackish lake habitats of the Euxinic and Pannonian basins are apparent and the palaeobiogeographic significance of the fauna is discussed. The ostracod association of the younger section indicates a low brackish water habitat with fluctuating salinities, most likely in the oligohaline range. The ostracod assemblage of the Kolankaya Formation only permits a broad age assignment to the late Mioceneearly Pliocene.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Late Miocene – Early Pliocene Paratethyan Type Ostracod Fauna From the Denizli Basin (Sw Anatolia) and Its Palaeogeographic Implications

Rausch¹,

Stoica²,

Lazarev³

2020

Actapalrom

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“…During the Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene, such a major expansion pushed the northern coastline of the Caspian Sea about 1,000 km further north than at present (Richards et al, ; van Baak et al, ). At the same time, there might have been a marine transgression from the Arctic Ocean toward the Caspian Sea on either side of the Ural Mountains (Krijgsman et al, , also see Figure ). However, due to glacial erosion in the last ~1 My (see above), the geological record in this crucial region has largely been removed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, between ca. 2.7 and 2.4 Mya, an episode of distinctly more marine conditions occurred in the Pontocaspian Basin (Richards et al, ), coinciding with a northward extension of the Caspian Sea (van Baak et al, ) and a possible marine transgression from the Arctic Ocean toward the Caspian Sea, driven by isostatic changes due to loading by northern hemisphere ice sheets (Krijgsman et al, ; Richards et al, , also see Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical faunal exchange between the Pontocaspian Basin and North America

Vandendorpe

Baak²,

Stelbrink

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Ecrobia is a genus of small brackish‐water mud snails with an amphi‐Atlantic distribution. Interestingly, the species occurring in the northwestern Atlantic, Ecrobia truncata, is more closely related to the Pontocaspian taxa, Ecrobia grimmi and Ecrobia maritima, than to the species occurring in the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. At least three colonization scenarios may account for this peculiar biogeographical pattern: (1) a recent human‐mediated dispersal, (2) a historical transatlantic interchange, and (3) a historical transpolar interchange. To test these three scenarios, we used five operational criteria—time of species divergence, first appearance in the fossil record, dispersal limitation as well as environmental filtering and biotic interactions along the potential migration routes. Specifically, we inferred a time‐calibrated molecular phylogeny for Ecrobia and reconstructed a paleogeographical map of the Arctic Ocean at 2.5 million years ago (Mya). Based on the five operational criteria, scenarios 1 and 2 can likely be rejected. In contrast, all criteria support scenario 3 (historical transpolar interchange). It is therefore suggested that a bird‐mediated and/or ocean current‐mediated faunal interchange via the Arctic Ocean occurred during the Late Pliocene or Early Pleistocene. This dispersal was likely facilitated by reduced distances between the Eurasian and North American/Greenland landmasses, marine introgressions, and/or a stepping‐stone system of brackish‐water habitats in northern Siberia, as well as a lack of competition along the migration route. As for the direction of dispersal, the scientific data presented are not conclusive. However, there is clearly more support for the scenario of dispersal from the Pontocaspian Basin to North America than vice versa. This is the first study providing evidence for a natural faunal exchange between the Pontocaspian Basin and North America via the Arctic Ocean.

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“…Pontocaspian biota are a unique group of aquatic species that evolved within the Caspian Sea and Black Sea basins, as well as surrounding rivers and lakes, over the past few million years (Krijgsman et al, 2019). The basins experienced strong base-level changes and periods of isolation and connection from the open ocean, characterised by variable, anomalohaline ("brackish") conditions (Kosarev and Yablonskaya, 1994;Grigorovich et al, 2003;Kurbanov et al, 2014;Yanina, 2014). Ever since the Middle Pleistocene, during times of interglacial sea-level highstands (similar to the present day), marine conditions and faunas occupied the main Black Sea basin and pushed Pontocaspian species into coastal habitats such as deltas, lagoons and estuaries.…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Palaeoecological records are required to test ecological hypotheses necessary for conservation strategies as short-term observations can insufficiently capture natural variability and identify drivers of biotic change. Here, we demonstrate the importance of an integrated conservation palaeobiology approach when making validated decisions for conservation and mitigating action. Our model system is the Razim–Sinoie lake complex (RSL) in the Danube Delta (Black Sea coast, Romania), a dynamic coastal lake system hosting unique Pontocaspian mollusc species that are now severely under threat. The Pontocaspians refer to an endemic species group that evolved in the Black Sea and Caspian Sea basins under reduced salinity settings over the past few million years. The natural, pre-industrial RSL contained a salinity gradient from fresh to mesohaline (18 ppm) until human intervention reduced the inflow of mesohaline Black Sea water into the lake system. We reconstruct the evolution of the RSL over the past 2000 years from integrated sedimentary facies and faunal analyses based on 11 age-dated sediment cores and investigate the response of mollusc species and communities to those past environmental changes. Three species associations (“marine”, “Pontocaspian” and “freshwater”) exist and their spatio-temporal shifts through the system are documented. Variable salinity gradients developed, with marine settings (and faunas) dominating in the southern part of the system and freshwater conditions (and faunas) in the northern and western parts. Pontocaspian species have mostly occurred in the centre of the RSL within the marine–freshwater salinity gradient. Today, freshwater species dominate the entire system, and only a single Pontocaspian species (Monodacna colorata) is found alive. We show that the human-induced reduced marine influence in the system has been a major driver of the decline of the endemic Pontocaspian biota. It urges improved conservation action by re-establishing a salinity gradient in the lake system to preserve these unique species.

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Quaternary time scales for the Pontocaspian domain: Interbasinal connectivity and faunal evolution

Cited by 180 publications

References 178 publications

A Late Miocene – Early Pliocene Paratethyan Type Ostracod Fauna From the Denizli Basin (Sw Anatolia) and Its Palaeogeographic Implications

A Late Miocene – Early Pliocene Paratethyan Type Ostracod Fauna From the Denizli Basin (Sw Anatolia) and Its Palaeogeographic Implications

Historical faunal exchange between the Pontocaspian Basin and North America

A conservation palaeobiological approach to assess faunal response of threatened biota under natural and anthropogenic environmental change

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