Resumen:1 El artículo reporta un estudio, inserto en un proyecto mayor, cuyo objetivo fue describir e interpretar la elaboración de teorías subjetivas que realizan preescolares en el aula. El estudio se realizó con estudiantes de dos establecimientos educacionales de administración municipal, uno de Coquimbo y otro de La Serena. Para la recolección de datos, se realizaron registros de observaciones semanales durante las clases habituales, por dos años consecutivos, periodo en el cual los participantes cursaron el prekínder y kínder. El análisis del corpus, constituido por las transcripciones correspondientes, se realizó a partir de los planteamientos generales de la grounded theory, complementado con procedimientos específicos para la identificación y análisis de teorías subjetivas. Los resultados permiten caracterizar la actividad explicativa de sí y de su entorno de los preescolares y levantar algunas hipótesis interpretativas del papel desempeñado por las educadoras en la actividad constructiva de aquellos.Palabras clave: pensamiento de preescolares, pensamiento infantil, reflexividad preescolar, teorías subjetivas, educación preescolar.Elaboration of subjective theories of pre-school students in the classroom Abstract: The article reports on a study within another larger-scale project, which aimed at describing and interpreting the elaboration of subjective theories that pre-school students use in the classroom. The study was conducted with students from two state-run schools, one of them located in Coquimbo and the other in La Serena. For the data gathering, observation records were done weekly during regular classes, throughout two consecutive years, period in which the participants did their pre-kindergarten and kindergarten courses respectively. The corpus analysis, made up of the corresponding transcriptions, was completed based on grounded theory, and it was carried out with specific procedures for the identification and analysis of subjective theories. The results allow us to characterize the explanatory nature of the activity in itself and the school environment of the pre-school students. The results also allow us to state some interpretative hypotheses on the role of pre-school teachers in the constructive activity of the pre school children.Key words: pre-school students' thought, childhood's thought, pre-school reflection, subjective theories, pre-school education.
Desenvolvimento de teorias subjetivas das crianças pré-escolares na sala de aulaResumo: O artigo relata um estudo integrado em um projeto maior, cujo objetivo foi descrever e interpretar o desenvolvimento de teorias subjetivas que Polis, Revista Latinoamericana, Volumen 13, Nº 37, 2014, p. 41-62