Quenching of singlet oxygen by carotenoids produced in <i>Escherichia coli</i> – attenuation of singlet oxygen‐mediated bacterial killing by carotenoids

Tatsuzawa, Hidetaka; Maruyama, Tadashi; Misawa, Norihiko; Fujimori, Keiya; Nakano, Minoru

doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02149-9

Cited by 69 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A role of membrane carotenoids in quenching 1 O 2 * also has been demonstrated in nonphotosynthetic bacteria (Tatsuzawa et al, 2000) and fungi (Schroeder and Johnson, 1995). In animals, zeaxanthin and lutein are thought to have important antioxidant functions (Mares-Perlman et al, 2002).…”

Section: How Does Zeaxanthin Accumulation Protect Cells From Photooximentioning

confidence: 97%

Zeaxanthin Accumulation in the Absence of a Functional Xanthophyll Cycle Protects Chlamydomonas reinhardtii from Photooxidative Stress

et al. 2003

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Xanthophylls participate in light harvesting and are essential in protecting the chloroplast from photooxidative damage. To investigate the roles of xanthophylls in photoprotection, we isolated and characterized extragenic suppressors of the npq1 lor1 double mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , which lacks zeaxanthin and lutein and undergoes irreversible photooxidative bleaching and cell death at moderate to high light intensities. Here, we describe three suppressor strains that carry point mutations in the coding sequence of the zeaxanthin epoxidase gene, resulting in the constitutive accumulation of zeaxanthin in a range of concentrations. The presence of zeaxanthin in these strains was sufficient to prevent photooxidative damage in the npq1 lor1 background. The size of the light-harvesting antenna in the suppressors decreased in high light in a manner that was proportional to the relative content of zeaxanthin, with the strain having the most zeaxanthin showing a severe reduction in levels of the major light-harvesting complex II proteins in high light. We show that the effect of constitutive zeaxanthin on light harvesting is not the main cause of increased photoprotection, because in the absence of zeaxanthin, a strain with a smaller light-harvesting antenna showed only minor protection against photobleaching in high light. Furthermore, the zeaxanthin-accumulating suppressors were able to tolerate higher levels of exogenous reactive oxygen than their parental strain under conditions that did not affect light harvesting. Our results are consistent with an antioxidant role of zeaxanthin in the quenching of singlet oxygen and/or free radicals in the thylakoid membrane in vivo.

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Section: How Does Zeaxanthin Accumulation Protect Cells From Photooximentioning

confidence: 97%

Zeaxanthin Accumulation in the Absence of a Functional Xanthophyll Cycle Protects Chlamydomonas reinhardtii from Photooxidative Stress

et al. 2003

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“…Carotenoids are efficient scavengers of ROS, especially of singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) and peroxyl radicals (ROO ⅐ ) (587,608).…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress Resistance inDeinococcus radiodurans

Slade

Radman

2011

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

660

639

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SUMMARY Deinococcus radiodurans is a robust bacterium best known for its capacity to repair massive DNA damage efficiently and accurately. It is extremely resistant to many DNA-damaging agents, including ionizing radiation and UV radiation (100 to 295 nm), desiccation, and mitomycin C, which induce oxidative damage not only to DNA but also to all cellular macromolecules via the production of reactive oxygen species. The extreme resilience of D. radiodurans to oxidative stress is imparted synergistically by an efficient protection of proteins against oxidative stress and an efficient DNA repair mechanism, enhanced by functional redundancies in both systems. D. radiodurans assets for the prevention of and recovery from oxidative stress are extensively reviewed here. Radiation- and desiccation-resistant bacteria such as D. radiodurans have substantially lower protein oxidation levels than do sensitive bacteria but have similar yields of DNA double-strand breaks. These findings challenge the concept of DNA as the primary target of radiation toxicity while advancing protein damage, and the protection of proteins against oxidative damage, as a new paradigm of radiation toxicity and survival. The protection of DNA repair and other proteins against oxidative damage is imparted by enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems dominated by divalent manganese complexes. Given that oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species is associated with aging and cancer, a comprehensive outlook on D. radiodurans strategies of combating oxidative stress may open new avenues for antiaging and anticancer treatments. The study of the antioxidation protection in D. radiodurans is therefore of considerable potential interest for medicine and public health.

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“…Jayaraj and Punja reported that the transgenic carrot plant expressing the algal ␤-carotene ketolase gene accumulated various ketocarotenoids, including astaxanthin, and exhibited remarkable resistance to UV-B irradiation and oxidative stress in comparison with the wild-type carrot (13). Further, Escherichia coli transformant cells were reported to acquire tolerance to oxidative stress by the introduction of carotenoid synthetic genes (27). During fermentation processes, yeast cells are exposed to various stresses, including high concentrations of ethanol, high temperature, and high osmolarity, which generate ROS (8)(9)(10)21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Astaxanthin Production and Oxidative Stress Tolerance

Ukibe

Hashida

Yoshida

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

133

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The red carotenoid astaxanthin possesses higher antioxidant activity than other carotenoids and has great commercial potential for use in the aquaculture, pharmaceutical, and food industries. In this study, we produced astaxanthin in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by introducing the genes involved in astaxanthin biosynthesis of carotenogenic microorganisms. In particular, expression of genes of the red yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous encoding phytoene desaturase (crtI product) and bifunctional phytoene synthase/lycopene cyclase (crtYB product) resulted in the accumulation of a small amount of ␤-carotene in S. cerevisiae. Overexpression of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthase from S. cerevisiae (the BTS1 gene product) increased the intracellular ␤-carotene levels due to the accelerated conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate to GGPP. Introduction of the X. dendrorhous crtS gene, encoding astaxanthin synthase, assumed to be the cytochrome P450 enzyme, did not lead to astaxanthin production. However, coexpression of CrtS with X. dendrorhous CrtR, a cytochrome P450 reductase, resulted in the accumulation of a small amount of astaxanthin. In addition, the ␤-carotene-producing yeast cells transformed by the bacterial genes crtW and crtZ, encoding ␤-carotene ketolase and hydroxylase, respectively, also accumulated astaxanthin and its intermediates, echinenone, canthaxanthin, and zeaxanthin. Interestingly, we found that these ketocarotenoids conferred oxidative stress tolerance on S. cerevisiae cells. This metabolic engineering has potential for overproduction of astaxanthin and breeding of novel oxidative stress-tolerant yeast strains.

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Quenching of singlet oxygen by carotenoids produced in Escherichia coli – attenuation of singlet oxygen‐mediated bacterial killing by carotenoids

Cited by 69 publications

References 41 publications

Zeaxanthin Accumulation in the Absence of a Functional Xanthophyll Cycle Protects Chlamydomonas reinhardtii from Photooxidative Stress

Zeaxanthin Accumulation in the Absence of a Functional Xanthophyll Cycle Protects Chlamydomonas reinhardtii from Photooxidative Stress

Oxidative Stress Resistance inDeinococcus radiodurans

Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Astaxanthin Production and Oxidative Stress Tolerance

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