Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, attenuates vacuolar formation in the optic tract in rat chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model

Takizawa, Shunya; Fukuyama, Naoto; Hirabayashi, Hisayuki; Kohara, Saori; Kazahari, Shoji; Shinohara, Yukito; Nakazawa, Hiroe

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(03)03009-9

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…23 Briefly, the brain was fixed with a solution containing 4% paraformaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. Four coronal sections were sequentially obtained from the frontal pole at 3-mm intervals.…”

Section: Brain Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate-related energy compounds are not exhausted in chronically hypoperfused rat brain cortex after cortical spreading depression

Hirabayashi

Kurita

Takizawa

et al. 2004

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

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Section: Brain Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate-related energy compounds are not exhausted in chronically hypoperfused rat brain cortex after cortical spreading depression

Hirabayashi

Kurita

Takizawa

et al. 2004

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

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“…Rutin has been used in Chinese medicine as a remedy for hypertension and can inhibit oxidative damage induced by ultraviolet radiation (17). Quercetin in red wine is a versatile antioxidant and attenuates vacuolar formation in the optic tract in a rat chronic hypoperfusion model (18). Hyperoside has anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic activity (19) and enhances antioxidative capacity (20).…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rutin was reported to act as an efficient radical inhibitor and have a neuroprotective effect against ischemia and reperfusioninduced cerebral injury (40), and could be metabolized to quercetin by oral administration (41). Hyperoside has anti-inflammatory effects and enhances the antioxidative capacity (17,18). Thus, some components of BWP possesse protective effects.…”

Section: Fig 4 Effects Of Bwp On Noxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Buckwheat Polyphenols Against Long-Lasting Impairment of Spatial Memory Associated With Hippocampal Neuronal Damage in Rats Subjected to Repeated Cerebral Ischemia

Mishima

Egashira

et al. 2004

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. In the present experiment, we studied the action of buckwheat polyphenol (BWP, from Fagopyrum esculentum MOENCH) in a repeated cerebral ischemia model, which induced a strong and long-lasting impairment of spatial memory in 8-arm radial maze with hippocampal CA1 cell death in rats. BWP (600 mg / kg, continuous 21-day p.o.) significantly ameliorated not only the impairment of spatial memory in the 8-arm radial maze, but also necrosis and TUNELpositive cells in the hippocampal CA1 area subjected to repeated cerebral ischemia (10 min´2 times occlusion, 1-h interval) in rats. In order to investigate the mechanism of BWP protective action, we measured the release of glutamate and NO x -(NO 2 -+ NO 3 -) production induced by repeated cerebral ischemia in the rat dorsal hippocampus using microdialysis. A 14-day BWP treatment significantly inhibited the excess release of glutamate after the second occlusion. In addition, the BWP remarkably suppressed a delayed increase in NO x -(NO 2 -+ NO 3 -) induced by repeated cerebral ischemia in the dorsal hippocampus as determined in vivo by microdialysis. However, the 14-day treatment did not affect hippocampal blood flow in either intact rats or rats subjected to repeated ischemia measured by lasser Doppler flowmeter. These results suggested that BWP might ameliorate spatial memory impairment by inhibiting glutamate release and the delayed generation of NO x -in rats subjected to repeated cerebral ischemia.

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“…5) They seem to protect against cancer onset, 6) vascular dementia, 7) and coronary heart disease-related deaths. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5) They seem to protect against cancer onset, 6) vascular dementia, 7) and coronary heart disease-related deaths. 8) Flavonoids also modulate the activities of enzymes that metabolize drugs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparative Monohydroxyflavanone Syntheses and a Protocol for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Monohydroxyflavanones

Kagawa

Shigematsu

Ohta

et al. 2005

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Flavonoids are phenolic compounds found in most plants.Since flavonoids are naturally present in fruits, vegetables, and tea, they are an integral part of the human diet.1) Ingested flavonoids are absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and have been found in blood plasma.2) Flavonoids possess various biological and pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant activity, 3) anti-HIV-1 activity, 4) and anti-inflammatory activity. 5) They seem to protect against cancer onset, 6) vascular dementia, 7) and coronary heart disease-related deaths. 8)Flavonoids also modulate the activities of enzymes that metabolize drugs. 9) Flavonoids form the largest class of phytoestrogens known. The binding affinity of a flavonoid for the estrogen receptor primarily depends on the positions of Aand C-ring hydroxyl groups. 10) Recently, two interesting pharmacological properties of flavonoids have been reported. 1) The polymethoxyflavone, tangeretin, protects against the development of experimentally-induced Parkinson's disease in rats.11) 2) Other polymethoxyflavones inhibit the cellular excretion of certain drugs-a process mediated by P-glycoprotein.12,13) Cytochrome P450s can remove a flavonoid C-4Ј methyl and can add a hydroxyl at the C-3Ј position.14,15) To understand the diverse pharmacological effects of dietary flavonoids, their metabolic pathways must be known.A previous study of ours 16) showed that both rat and human cytochrome P450s convert flavanones to the corresponding 2,3-trans-flavanonols and flavones; whereas, only the human enzyme can convert the flavanone to isoflavone. We also recently reported a procedure for the specific deuteration of flavanones.17) With these deuterated flavanones as substrates, we determined that, most likely, the initial step in flavanone P450-catalyzed metabolism is abstraction of a hydrogen radical from the C-2 or -3 position of the flavanone skeleton.After rats received flavanone via a stomach tube, the most common urinary metabolites found were those with the C-4 ketone reduced and those with hydroxyls added at positions C-3 and C-6.18) Another P450 metabolic study found that aromatic hydroxylation products, flavones, unusual quinoltype oxidation products, chromone derivatives, and flavan-4-ol derivatives were produced when several different flavanones were substrates.19) Therefore, although all flavonoids have a common three-ring skeleton, it appears that ring substituents determine the metabolic fate of a specific substrate.If demethylated and hydroxylated flavonoid P450 metabolic products, amongst others, are to be unequivocally characterized, their physical properties must be compared with known standards. Previously, we reported a synthetic procedure for (Ϯ)-2,3-trans-flavanonols, which are hydroxylated at the C-3 position.20,21) Consequently, only those compounds could be unquestionably identified as P450 metabolic products during our previous study. 16) In order to identify other metabolic monohydroxyflavanones, we have now developed procedures to synthetically produce these co...

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Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, attenuates vacuolar formation in the optic tract in rat chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Phosphate-related energy compounds are not exhausted in chronically hypoperfused rat brain cortex after cortical spreading depression

Phosphate-related energy compounds are not exhausted in chronically hypoperfused rat brain cortex after cortical spreading depression

Protective Effect of Buckwheat Polyphenols Against Long-Lasting Impairment of Spatial Memory Associated With Hippocampal Neuronal Damage in Rats Subjected to Repeated Cerebral Ischemia

Preparative Monohydroxyflavanone Syntheses and a Protocol for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Monohydroxyflavanones

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