Quitting Smoking At or Around Diagnosis Improves the Overall Survival of Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Caini, Saverio; Riccio, Marco Del; Vettori, Virginia; Scotti, Vieri; Martinoli, Chiara; Raimondi, Sara; Cammarata, Giulio; Palli, Domenico; Banini, Marco; Masala, Giovanna; Gandini, Sara

doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2021.12.005

Cited by 86 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…In addition, our study did evaluate smoking status at diagnosis and did not include data on smoking cessation after diagnosis. Smoking cessation at or around the time of diagnosis has been recognized as a critical component in increasing the survival of lung cancer patients [ 33 ]. Smoking cessation has also demonstrated improved survival in breast cancer patients, with women who quit smoking at diagnosis having a 33% lower risk of death than those who continue to smoke [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Characteristics and Survival among Breast Cancer Patients

Darmon

Park

Lovejoy

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Carcinogenic effects of tobacco smoke may affect breast tumorigenesis. To assess whether cigarette smoking is associated with breast cancer characteristics, we investigated the relationships between smoking, pathological characteristics, and outcomes in 2153 women diagnosed with breast cancer 2001–2016. Patients were classified as never, former, or current smokers at the time of diagnosis. Logistic regression and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis were performed to determine whether smoking was associated with tumor characteristics. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted to compare former or current smokers to never smokers in survival with adjustment for the potential confounders. The majority of women (61.8%) never smoked, followed by former smokers (26.2%) and current smokers (12.0%). After adjustment for demographic variables, body mass index, and comorbidities, tumor characteristics were not significantly associated with smoking status or pack-years smoked. Ten-year overall survival was significantly lower for former and current smokers compared to never smokers (p = 0.0105). However, breast cancer specific survival did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.1606). Although cigarette smoking did not alter the underlying biology of breast tumors or breast cancer-specific survival, overall survival was significantly worse in smokers, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation in the recently diagnosed breast cancer patient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Characteristics and Survival among Breast Cancer Patients

Darmon

Park

Lovejoy

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, claiming nearly 1.80 million lives in 2020 [ 1 ]. The overall 5-year relative survival rate for lung cancer is 21% [ 2 , 3 ]. However, if diagnosed at a localized stage, the 5-year survival rate is 59%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Quantification of Tp53 and p53-Anti-p53 Autoantibody Immune Complex: Promising Biomarkers in Early Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Song¹,

Nimse

Warkad³

et al. 2022

Biosensors

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Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, claiming nearly 1.80 million lives in 2020. Screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality by about 20% compared to standard chest x-rays among current or heavy smokers. However, several reports indicate that LDCT has a high false-positive rate. In this regard, methods based on biomarker detection offer excellent potential for developing noninvasive cancer diagnostic tests to complement LDCT for detecting stage 0∼IV lung cancers. Herein, we have developed a method for detecting and quantifying a p53-anti-p53 autoantibody complex and the total p53 antigen (wild and mutant). The LOD for detecting Tp53 and PIC were 7.41 pg/mL and 5.74 pg/mL, respectively. The detection ranges for both biomarkers were 0–7500 pg/mL. The known interfering agents in immunoassays such as biotin, bilirubin, intra-lipid, and hemoglobin did not detect Tp53 and PIC, even at levels that were several folds higher levels than their normal levels. Furthermore, the present study provides a unique report on this preliminary investigation using the PIC/Tp53 ratio to detect stage I–IV lung cancers. The presented method detects lung cancers with 81.6% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity. These results indicate that the presented method has high applicability for the identification of lung cancer patients from the healthy population.

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“…[19, 22] Smoking is one of the strongest carcinogens causing various cancers, and smoking cessation reduces the risk of cancer and improves the survival of cancer patients even after the cancer diagnosis. [23, 24] Therefore, quitting smoking is especially crucial for cancer survivors not only to improve survival but also to prevent high-risk secondary cancers. However, it seems that smoking cessation interventions for cancer survivors have not been successful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The landscape of secondary malignancies in cancer survivors and the susceptibility to hereditary multiple cancer syndrome: a Korean nationwide population-based study

Choi

Lee

Kim

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundCancer survivors and secondary malignancy risk have increased following early diagnosis and advanced cancer treatments; however, secondary malignancy risk in cancer survivors and possibility of genetic susceptibility among young individuals with multiple cancers have scarcely been evaluated. We evaluated the risk of secondary malignancies in cancer survivors by primary cancer type, and the combination of cancer types frequently observed in young patients with multiple cancers.Methods and FindingsPatients diagnosed with cancer, from Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment database, between January 2009 and December 2010, were followed-up until December 2019. Cancer survivors and those with secondary cancers were defined as having lived >5 years without developing other cancers; and being newly diagnosed with cancer at another site, respectively. To identify possible hereditary multiple cancer syndrome (HMCS), combinations of multiple cancers frequently observed in young individuals compared to older adults were evaluated. Of the 371,181 patients in 3,008,274 person-years of follow-up, 266,241 were cancer survivors; of these 7,348 had secondary cancers (2.76%; 2,759.9 persons/100,000 population), higher than primary cancer risk in general population. The common primary cancer types were those mainly observed as secondary cancer in cancer survivors. Contrarily, higher-risk cancers among those with secondary cancers compared to those in the general population varied by sex and primary cancer type, suggesting the need for tailored cancer screening for cancer survivors. Combinations of well-known hereditary cancer syndrome-related cancer types were mainly observed in younger compared to older patients with multiple cancers, which could be HMCS, including cancer combinations those may be caused by a novel cancer predisposition gene.ConclusionsCancer survivors harbor high and distinctive secondary cancer risk than the general population, necessitating tailored cancer screening in survivors. Genetic screening should be considered for young patients with multiple cancers to validate genetic predisposition.

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Quitting Smoking At or Around Diagnosis Improves the Overall Survival of Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 86 publications

References 50 publications

Relationship between Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Characteristics and Survival among Breast Cancer Patients

Relationship between Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Characteristics and Survival among Breast Cancer Patients

Detection and Quantification of Tp53 and p53-Anti-p53 Autoantibody Immune Complex: Promising Biomarkers in Early Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis

The landscape of secondary malignancies in cancer survivors and the susceptibility to hereditary multiple cancer syndrome: a Korean nationwide population-based study

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