Race characterization of <i>Pyrenophora tritici-repentis</i> and sensitivity to propiconazole and pyraclostrobin fungicides

MacLean, Dustin; Aboukhaddour, Reem; Tran, Van Anh; Askarian, Homa; Strelkov, Stephen E.; Turkington, T. K.; Kutcher, H. Randy

doi:10.1080/07060661.2017.1387178

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In all experiments, the methanol concentration did not exceed 0.1% (1 ml of the stock solution in 1 L of water agar medium). In previous research, 6 cm Petri dishes were used in this type of assay (Maclean et al, 2017; Patel et al, 2012; Tonin, 2012). We did a preliminary test comparing 6 and 9 cm plates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resistance to QoI fungicides in Ptr was first detected in 2003 in Europe (FRAC, 2020; MacLean et al, 2017; Sierotzki et al, 2007). However, few studies reported on shifts in sensitivity of Ptr isolates to strobilurins or mutations associated with the resistance (Mehamdia et al, 2020; Reimann & Deising, 2005; Sierotzki et al, 2007; Tonin et al, 2017), while others reported that no reduced sensitivity was found (MacLean et al, 2017; Patel et al, 2012). QoI resistance in Ptr isolates has been attributed to three mutations in the cytochrome b ( cytb ) gene that lead to the substitution of amino acids conferring resistance (Sierozki et al, 2007): (a) glycine to alanine at amino acid position 143 (G143A); (b) phenylalanine to leucine at amino acid position 129 (F129L); and (c) glycine to arginine at amino acid position 137 (G137R).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When compared to research studies carried out on Z. tritici, the monitoring of QoI resistance emergence in Ptr has been extremely limited to date. Resistance to QoI fungicides in Ptr was first detected in 2003 in Europe (FRAC, 2020;MacLean et al, 2017;Sierotzki et al, 2007). However, few studies reported on shifts in sensitivity of Ptr isolates to strobilurins or mutations associated with the resistance (Mehamdia et al, 2020;Reimann & Deising, 2005;Sierotzki et al, 2007;Tonin et al, 2017), while others reported that no reduced sensitivity was found (MacLean et al, 2017;Patel et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Detection and characterization of QoI resistance inPyrenophora tritici‐repentispopulations causing tan spot of wheat in Argentina

Sautua

Carmona

2021

Plant Pathology

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Wheat is the most important cereal crop in Argentina, with a cultivated area of about 6,800,000 hectares, a total production of 16.3 million tonnes, and an average yield of 3,000 kg/ha in the 2019/2020 growing season (MINAGRI, 2021). However, its production is limited by the presence of several diseases. The most important include stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), leaf rust (P. triticina), stem rust (P. graminis f. sp. tritici), tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Ptr), and Septoria tritici blotch (STB; Zymoseptoria tritici).During the last 25 years, Ptr populations have become prevalent in all wheat-growing regions of Argentina, causing yield losses estimated at 10%-20% (Annone, 1998). The disease began to significantly affect wheat crops in the north-central region of the Buenos Aires province in the early 1980s (Annone, 1985). Since then, occurrence of tan spot has been of such magnitude that it rapidly replaced STB in prevalence, incidence, and severity (Annone, 1990). There are several causes that could explain the increase in the importance of tan spot in Argentinian wheat-growing regions in recent years.Among them, the following can be highlighted (Carmona et al., 1999,

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Detection and characterization of QoI resistance inPyrenophora tritici‐repentispopulations causing tan spot of wheat in Argentina

Sautua

Carmona

2021

Plant Pathology

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“…Research over the last 30 years in Canada, USA, South America, and Australia showed that Ptr ToxA-producing isolates of races 1 and 2 are the most predominant in these regions (Lamari et al, 1998;Ali and Francl, 2003;Friesen et al, 2005;Lamari et al, 2005b;Engle et al, 2006;Singh et al, 2007;Ali et al, 2010;Antoni et al, 2010;Leisova-Svobodova et al, 2010;Lepoint et al, 2010;Gamba et al, 2012;Aboukhaddour et al, 2013;Abdullah et al, 2017a;MacLean et al, 2017). On the other hand, Ptr ToxB-producing isolates have not been reported in Australia and New Zealand (Antoni et al, 2010;Weith, 2015), and were rarely found in the Americas (Aboukhaddour et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrenophora tritici–repentis in Tunisia: Race Structure and Effector Genes

et al. 2019

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Tan spot is a destructive foliar wheat disease worldwide and caused by the ascomycete fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr); it has become more frequent in Tunisia over the last decade. In this study, the virulence of 73 single-spore isolates, collected from durum and bread wheat fields during 2017-2018 growing season, was evaluated on four differential wheat genotypes. This was followed by polymerase chain reaction tests with specific primers for the effector genes ToxA, ToxB, and toxb (ToxB-homolog). Sequence analysis to validate the identity of the amplified genes was followed, and ToxA amplicons from a subset of 22 isolates were analyzed to determine its haplotype identity. Ptr isolates from Tunisia were grouped in races 2, 4, 5, and 7, and 44% of the tested isolates did not fit under any known race, and were denoted here as atypical. These atypical isolates induced the same symptoms as race 7 isolates, extensive necrosis, and chlorosis on susceptible genotypes, but lacked the ToxA gene. ToxA is the only identified necrosisinducing effector in Ptr, and was amplified in 51% of tested isolates, and shared identical sequence to previously identified haplotype (H15). ToxB and its homolog toxb were present in 97% and 93% of tested isolates, respectively. Ptr in Tunisia lacked Ptr ToxC activity, and none of the tested isolates induced the specific symptoms of that effector. Race 7 and the atypical isolates dominated the Tunisian Ptr population, while races 2, 4, and 5 were found at low percentages. In conclusion, ToxB and its homolog were the most dominant genes in Ptr from Tunisia, and the majority of the isolates induced necrosis and chlorosis on Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxB susceptible wheat genotypes. However, only about half of that necrosis can be attributed to ToxA presence, this result necessitates further research to investigate the prevalence of additional necrotic effector(s). Terminology: in this paper, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis abbreviated as Ptr, the effectors are referred to by Ptr ToxA, Ptr ToxB and Ptr ToxC, and the genes coding for them are written in italic as ToxA, ToxB, and ToxC, respectively.

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“…Race 1 is the most prevalent in the USA, although other races (race 2 and 3) are reported occasionally (Ali and Francl 2003). In Canada, race 1 and 2 are predominant although race 3 is also reported (MacLean et al 2017). As the presence of races of this fungus is a problem in wheatgrowing areas, identification of genes to employ a general or race-nonspecific resistance to tan spot in wheat has been emphasized (Faris et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Races, disease symptoms and genetic variability in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolates from Oklahoma that cause tan spot of winter wheat

Kader

Hunger

Sreedharan

et al. 2021

CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

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In recent years, tan spot of wheat caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has become more prevalent in Oklahoma. Experiments were conducted to investigate the race structure, disease symptoms and genetic variability in P. tritici-repentis isolates collected from winter wheat over three decades. Race determination was conducted for 16 isolates based on expression of necrosis and/or chlorosis produced on wheat differentials. Variability in disease symptoms expressed by 12 isolates was determined on 13 hard red winter wheat cultivars grown in Oklahoma. In addition, genetic variability among 17 isolates was determined using amplified fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (AFLP-PCR). All isolates except one (El Reno) were classified as race 1. Isolates varied widely in producing necrosis and/or chlorosis symptoms on wheat cultivars, but necrosis with a chlorotic halo was predominant (56.4%). AFLP-PCR analysis using 13 primer pairs produced a total of 494 alleles of which 285 were polymorphic. The overall genetic diversity among the isolates was 25.2%. Genetic relationships based on cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed only minor differences between isolates, and isolates did not form tight clusters or groups. The isolates of P. tritici-repentis were predominantly race 1; however, they produced a range of tan spot symptoms on wheat cultivars. The lack of distinct genetic grouping by the AFLP marker study indicates that the isolates used in this study likely originated from a single lineage.

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Race characterization of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and sensitivity to propiconazole and pyraclostrobin fungicides

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Detection and characterization of QoI resistance inPyrenophora tritici‐repentispopulations causing tan spot of wheat in Argentina

Detection and characterization of QoI resistance inPyrenophora tritici‐repentispopulations causing tan spot of wheat in Argentina

Pyrenophora tritici–repentis in Tunisia: Race Structure and Effector Genes

Races, disease symptoms and genetic variability in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolates from Oklahoma that cause tan spot of winter wheat

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