Race Portrayals in Sport Communication

Eagleman, Andrea N.; Martin, Tywan G.

doi:10.4324/9781315088556-38

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Such a finding offers a realistic option to journalists, as the complete avoidance of brawn frames and physical descriptors would be difficult in sports journalism. Such a finding may be consequential for resolving attempts to correct historical patterns of racialized brawn framing (Eagleman & Martin, 2013), without overcompensating and reversing such racialized patterns (Cranmer et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Sports media shape how audiences understand racial and ethnic identity through portrayals of athletes of color (Grainer, Newman, & Andrews, 2006). Historically, racialized patterns of brawn and brain frames have been identified within a variety of media channels such as newspapers, live commentary, blogs, and magazines (Eagleman & Martin, 2013). Cranmer et al (2014) argued that the wide use of these frames results from the socialization of journalists or institutional processes that surround the creation of media content (e.g., assignment of stories, editorial processes) rather than the features of specific channels (e.g., role of subconscious bias in live commentary).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although traditional patterns of racialized sport coverage are well-documented (Eagleman & Martin, 2013; Grainer et al, 2006) and the cognitive schema that underlie frames are consistent over time (Reese, 2001), media representations of athletes are dynamic and evolving. Scholars have argued that “gross exaggerations favoring one or the other racial group are relatively rare and probably outdated reflections of earlier times and are overstated in literature” (Eastman & Billings, 2001, p. 198).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sport promotes racial cooperation, understanding, and acceptance, as well as reinforces historical inequalities and destructive stereotypes (Hoberman, 1997; Ross, 2004; Smith, 2009). Sports media, a ubiquitous part of American society, often connect race and sport within the public conscience and discourse (Bruce, 2004). Eagleman and Martin (2013) noted, “The way in which race in sport is portrayed by media can have profound impacts on our own perceptions and interpretations of race” (p. 369).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. Anderson & Raney, 2018; Atwell Seate, Harwood, & Blecha, 2010; Cranmer, Bowman, & Goldman, 2017). Yet the majority of empirical research regarding the connections between race and sports media neglect the effects of consuming racialized content, including the social implications for athletes off the field of play (Eagleman & Martin, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcontextual Effects of Racialized Sports Media Framing: Students’ Off the Field Perceptions of Student-Athletes

Ash

Cranmer

2019

Communication & Sport

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This research examines the effects of racial stereotypes embedded within sports media. An experiment was conducted to examine the impact of racialized “brawn” and “brain” frames on perceptions of student-athletes among their potential peers. College student participants ( N = 232) were exposed to one of eight versions of a news article about a college football recruit that manipulated the athlete’s race (White vs. Black) and the frame used to describe him (brawn vs. brain vs. mixed vs. control). Results showed a college admittance essay was evaluated more positively when the author was a Black athlete compared to a White athlete. In addition, the brawn frame elicited lower levels of social attraction and greater athlete stereotype endorsement compared to all other frames. No interaction effects were revealed. These findings suggest that how the media frame student-athletes affects expectations of their academic performance, which has practical implications for interpersonal dynamics between student-athletes and their peers, as well as public perceptions of student-athletes writ large.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcontextual Effects of Racialized Sports Media Framing: Students’ Off the Field Perceptions of Student-Athletes

Ash

Cranmer

2019

Communication & Sport

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Language in action

Doran

Caldwell

Ross

2021

LangCT

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This paper explores language in sport. It draws on systemic functional linguistics to map variations in language as coaches and players change situation, from setting up drills and giving feedback to calling for the ball during the intensity of play. In particular, it explores grammatical and phonological shifts as coaches and players move more toward the ‘language–in–action’ pole of mode. It shows that the more language is used in relation to intense action on the field, the less this meaning is given by the ‘higher levels’ of language (both its higher strata and higher ranks) and the more meaning that is given by the ‘lower levels’ (lower strata and lower ranks). In terms of strata this shifts meaning from the higher stratum of lexicogrammar to the lower stratum of phonology; in terms of rank, this breaks down clause structures to rely heavily on group/phrase and word choices and flattens phonological patterns of intonation, rhythm and syllable structures to rely more on voice quality and timing. This paper thus maps a rich space of registerial variation with significant deviations from typical English patterns.

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