Racial bias in the MMPI: A methodological review.

Prichard, David A.; Rosenblatt, Arthur I.

doi:10.1037/0022-006x.48.2.263

Cited by 81 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The moderator effects of race on the MMPI have become a topic of strong contention (cf. Gynther & Green, 1980;Pritchard & Rosenblatt, 1980). The issue of racial bias in MMPI substance abuse scales assumes particular interest because among those studies finding racial bias on the MMPI favoring lower scores for blacks, nearly all have involved alcoholics or other drug abusers (Patterson, Charles, Woodward, Roberts, & Penk, 1981;Sutker, Archer, & Allain, 1978;Zager & Megargee, 1981).…”

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Comparison of external correlates of MMPI substance abuse scales across sex and race.

Snyder¹,

Kline²,

Podany³

1985

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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The present study examined the differential predictive accuracy of seven Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory alcoholism scales and two drug abuse scales across both sex and race in a sample of 171 alcoholic inpatients. Results demonstrated considerable variance among these scales in their ability to predict alcohol and other drug use, expectancies, and consequences. The predictive accuracy within scales also varied across four sex-race subgroups. Although five of the nine scales predicted a variety of relevant external criteria for black male alcoholics, only three of these were predictive for black women. Only one scale retained its predictive utility for white male alcoholics; none related to external criteria above chance rate for white alcoholic women. Implications of these findings for clinical assessment and future research are discussed.Use of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in the assessment and treatment of alcoholism and other substance abuse has a long tradition of more than 30 years of research. Although the development of separate MMPI scales for detecting substance abuse comprises a prominent strategy in this area, recent investigations have generally been critical of MMPI alcoholism scales, particularly those developed prior to 1960. Whereas early scales were derived to discriminate alcohol abusers from normal controls (Alcoholism Scale [AL],

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confidence: 99%

“…In a methodological review, Pritchard and Rosenblatt (1980) argued that documenting differences among racial subgroups' respective means on MMPI scales is inadequate for establishing test racial bias. They noted that such comparisons are insensitive to true criterion differences that may exist among racial subgroups.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of external correlates of MMPI substance abuse scales across sex and race.

Snyder¹,

Kline²,

Podany³

1985

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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“…Whether differences exist for other classes of subject population, with Acculturation controlled, remains to be answered. Pritchard and Rosenblatt (1980) criticized the bulk of research that has been conducted on performance differences between black vs. white MMPI scores because it only examined whether mean differences in MMPI scores existed and did not examine whether behavioral differences predicted by the MMPI scores existed. Gynther and Green's (1980) rebuttal pointed out that one difficulty with Pritchard and Rosenblatt's proposal is that an accurate independent evaluation of a subject's behavior is often difficult to obtain.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Seven of the eight studies have employed "difference of means tests" (Pritchard & Rosenblatt, 1980), such as t or F tests, to compared performance of Mexican American vs. Anglo subjects. One study (Padilla et al, 1982) used a canonical correlational analysis, which will be discussed separately.…”

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Mexican Americans' performance on the MMPI as a function of level of acculturation

Montgomery

Orozco

1985

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Previous researchers have concluded that differences in MMPI performance between Anglo and Mexican American surnamed subjects were due to cultural differences. The present research directly investigated this assumption by comparing MMPI scale score differences of 365 Anglo and Mexican American college students, with Acculturation, Age, and Socioeconomic status statistically controlled. Anglos scored significantly differently from Mexican American subjects on 10 of the 13 MMPI scales. With Acculturation and Age statistically controlled, however, Anglo vs. Mexican American subjects differed on only the L and MF scales. These results support previous conclusions that most MMPI differences between Anglo and Mexican American subjects are due to culture, or Acculturation. Our results are consistent with major findings within the MMPI literature and also support the hypothesis that personality differences identified by the L and MF scales reflect genuine characteristics of the Mexican‐American culture.

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“…The appropriateness of using the MMPI with minority populations also has been widely evaluated (Dahlstrom & Gynther, 1986;Dahlstrom, Lachar, & Dahlstrom, 1986;Greene, 1987;Gynther, 1972Gynther, , 1979Gynther, , 1981Gynther, , 1989Gynther & Greene, 1980;Pritchard & Rosenblatt, 1980). The MMPI itself was well researched in terms of racial (Sturmer & Gerstein, 1997) and gender differences (Gumbiner & Flowers, 1997) in scale elevations, but the differential properties of the MMPI-2 have yet to be described as thoroughly (Sturmer & Gerstein, 1997).…”

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confidence: 96%