Racial differences and determinants of macular thickness profiles in multiethnic Asian population: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study

Abstract

There are interethnic differences in MT profile among Asians, particularly between Chinese and Indians. Ocular and systemic factors affect MT measurements as well. This Asian-specific information may be incorporated into existing clinical interpretation of macular OCT scans to aid in improving the diagnostic and monitoring accuracy of macular diseases among Asians.

Normative Database for All Retinal Layer Thicknesses Using SD-OCT Posterior Pole Algorithm and the Effects of Age, Gender and Axial Lenght

“…We documented that full RETINA thickness was significantly thicker in men than in women, which is consistent with many previous research works [ 20 , 21 , 28 , 34 , 39 , 45 ]. Previous studies [ 20 , 21 , 31 , 46 ] have reported that GCL, IPL, INL and ONL thicknesses were significantly thicker in men than in women, which falls in line with our results. We found that OPL thickness was similar in both genders, and this finding coincides with other studies [ 20 , 21 , 31 ] carried out in Caucasian populations.…”

“…Our results are thus contrary to those of Invernizzi et al [ 20 ], who reported a significantly decreased thickness with AXL in the outer ring of the ETDRS map. Several studies [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ] have documented a significant positive correlation of retinal thickness with AXL in the foveal subfield of the ETDRS map and a significant negative correlation in the inner and outer rings. In our study, we failed to document a negative correlation of full RETINA thickness and AXL, which could be due to the different inclusion criteria, as we excluded high myopic eyes (sphere ≥ 5D), while other authors [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ] did not establish any limits for refractive defects.…”

“…Several studies [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ] have documented a significant positive correlation of retinal thickness with AXL in the foveal subfield of the ETDRS map and a significant negative correlation in the inner and outer rings. In our study, we failed to document a negative correlation of full RETINA thickness and AXL, which could be due to the different inclusion criteria, as we excluded high myopic eyes (sphere ≥ 5D), while other authors [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ] did not establish any limits for refractive defects. We observed that GCL, IPL and INL thicknesses showed a significantly positive correlation with AXL in central cells and a significantly negative correlation in the cells near the optic disk, as similarly reported [ 47 ].…”

Compensation of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness as assessed using optical coherence tomography based on anatomical confounders

“…We acquired optic disc 200×200 cube scan 25 and macular 200×200 cube scan. 18 Trained graders masked to the participant characteristics reviewed the quality of OCT scans. Poor-quality images (signal strength less than 6 and/or movement artefacts within the RNFL measurement circle) were excluded from the analysis.…”

“…Population-based data on the normal RNFL variability of a multiethnic population are vital, because these are more generalisable and less susceptible to selection biases. Singapore consists of people of Chinese, Malaysian and Indian ancestries, with interethnic difference in central corneal thickness, 14 corneal biomechanics, 15 16 RNFL thickness, 17 macular thickness, 18 retinal vessels, 19 refractive error 20 and axial length. 20 Hence, this multiethnic Asian population presents as an attractive sample to examine the effectiveness of this model, and may potentially impact the utility of RNFL normative databases.…”