Racial differences in quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography findings between older non-diabetics with co-morbidities

Moir, John; Rodríguez, S; Chun, Lindsay; Massamba, Nathalie; Skondra, Dimitra

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0285360

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“… 28 The FAZ area data in our individuals were compared to values from a subset of previously published 19 data from 133 individuals with no vision-limiting pathology (81 females and 52 males; age range, 9–70; mean ± SD, 30.86 ± 12.6 years). Again, based on previously reported ethnic differences in FAZ size, 29 , 30 we compared our data to an ethnicity-matched subset of this normative cohort.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Assessment of Retinal Phenotypes in Axenfeld–Rieger Syndrome

Untaroiu,

Reis,

Higgins

et al. 2024

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome (ARS) is characterized by ocular anomalies including posterior embryotoxon, iridocorneal adhesions, corectopia/iris hypoplasia, and developmental glaucoma. Although anterior segment defects and glaucoma contribute to decreased visual acuity, the role of potential posterior segment abnormalities has not been explored. We used high-resolution retinal imaging to test the hypothesis that individuals with ARS have posterior segment pathology. Methods Three individuals with FOXC1 -ARS and 10 with PITX2 -ARS completed slit-lamp and fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, and adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO). Quantitative metrics were compared to previously published values for individuals with normal vision. Results All individuals demonstrated typical anterior segment phenotypes. Average ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer thickness was lower in PITX2 -ARS, consistent with the glaucoma history in this group. A novel phenotype of foveal hypoplasia was noted in 40% of individuals with PITX2- ARS (but none with FOXC1- ARS). Moreover, the depth and volume of the foveal pit were significantly lower in PITX2 -ARS compared to normal controls, even excluding individuals with foveal hypoplasia. Analysis of known foveal hypoplasia genes failed to identify an alternative explanation. Foveal cone density was decreased in one individual with foveal hypoplasia and normal in six without foveal hypoplasia. Two individuals (one from each group) demonstrated non-foveal retinal irregularities with regions of photoreceptor anomalies on OCT and AOSLO. Conclusions These findings implicate PITX2 in the development of the posterior segment, particularly the fovea, in humans. The identified posterior segment phenotypes may contribute to visual acuity deficits in individuals with PITX2 -ARS.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Assessment of Retinal Phenotypes in Axenfeld–Rieger Syndrome

Untaroiu,

Reis,

Higgins

et al. 2024

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Macular, Choroidal, and Peripapillary Perfusion Changes in Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography

Justin,

Winslow,

Kundu

et al. 2024

Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases

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Introduction: To compare the retinal and choroidal architecture and microvasculature between patients with mild or moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) and controls with normal cognition using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). Methods: Patients with a documented history of TBI, and age-matched and sex-matched controls were recruited. The primary outcome measures were differences between OCT parameters, including the choroidal vascularity index, and between OCTA superficial capillary plexus metrics, including foveal avascular zone (FAZ) circularity, 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm and 6.0 mm × 6.0 mm macular vessel density and perfusion density, and 4.5 mm × 4.5 mm peripapillary capillary perfusion density and capillary flux index. Results: Sixty-seven eyes of 36 patients with TBI and 72 eyes of 36 control patients met the inclusion criteria. Twelve patients (33.3%) had a diagnosis of mild TBI without loss of consciousness (LOC), 21 (58.3%) had mild TBI with LOC, and 3 (8.3%) had moderate TBI. There was a significant reduction in FAZ circularity and in 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm macular OCTA vessel density and perfusion density in patients with TBI. In cases with TBI associated with posttraumatic stress disorder, all macular OCTA parameters were significantly reduced. There was an increase in the choroidal vascularity index across the severity of TBI; however, it was reduced in those with more than 1 TBI ( P = .03). Conclusions: There was a reduction in macular perfusion in eyes of patients with mild or moderate TBI. The choroidal vascularity index helps differentiate subtle effects of more severe or mild repeated TBI. Further prospective investigation will evaluate OCT imaging and OCTA imaging as a noninvasive screening modalities to assess changes in retinal and choroidal microvasculature.

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Comparing Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics in Healthy Chinese and Caucasian Adults

Bujor,

Chua,

Tan

et al. 2024

JPM

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Background: The goal of the present study was to identify differences in retinal microvasculature between healthy Caucasians and healthy Asians in order to provide a better understanding of the variability between different ethnic groups. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 191 healthy Chinese and Caucasian participants were enrolled. They underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans with Zeiss Cirrus HD-5000 Spectral-Domain with AngioPlex. Linear regression models were used to investigate the association of OCTA metrics with potential risk factors. Results: Whereas participants in both groups are comparable in age and sex, Chinese participants had a longer axial length, higher spherical equivalent, higher intraocular pressure (p < 0.001), and a significantly higher perfusion density of large vessels in the superficial capillary plexus (p < 0.001). Regarding the foveolar avascular area (FAZ), Chinese participants had a larger superficial FAZ, a wider superficial FAZ perimeter, and a more circular deep FAZ shape (p < 0.001). Conclusions: There are significant differences in the retinal vasculature between Caucasian and Asian eyes as measured using OCTA. This needs to be considered when developing normative databases. Whether such findings relate to inter-racial differences in the incidence of retinal vascular disease remains to be shown.

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Racial differences in quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography findings between older non-diabetics with co-morbidities

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

In Vivo Assessment of Retinal Phenotypes in Axenfeld–Rieger Syndrome

In Vivo Assessment of Retinal Phenotypes in Axenfeld–Rieger Syndrome

Macular, Choroidal, and Peripapillary Perfusion Changes in Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography

Comparing Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics in Healthy Chinese and Caucasian Adults

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