Radiation-absorbed doses and energy imparted from panoramic tomography, cephalometric radiography, and occlusal film radiography in children

Bankvall, G; Håkansson, H.

doi:10.1016/0030-4220(82)90472-8

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…9 Thyroid doses for paediatric panoramic tomography have been reported as ranging from 0.10 to 0.29 mGy 11 and from 0.53 mGy decreasing to 0.23 mGy with a leadprotective thyroid collar. 10 Measurements for cephalometric radiography range from 0.34 to 0.73 mGy 11 with similar reductions to those reported above with the use of a thyroid collar.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Direct measurement of thyroid dose using TLD inserted into suitable anthropomorphic phantoms, has been reported in the dental literature. [9][10][11] An attempt was made to make use of this approach using a Rando phantom. 18 Difficulty was experienced as the rigid phantom could not be positioned to simulate the shoulder, head and neck positioning used in either the CC or MLO mammographic projections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relevant to the above dental studies 10,11 is that the radiosensitivity of the thyroid gland in children is considered to be higher than in adults. 11,19 The literature examining the effect of medical diagnostic exposure on the thyroid is sparse, with no report of increased risk of thyroid cancer for adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examination of computed tomography (CT) images and available literature indicated that this position was the one with the least amount of attenuating material (typically 10 mm) overlying the thyroid. [9][10][11][13][14][15][16] The detectors were left in place for the entire mammographic procedure irrespective of the number of films involved, except on 1 day of measurement (day 3) where scatter from only the first four films (two craniocaudal (CC) and two mediolateral-oblique (MLO)) was measured. Radiographic details, including kilovolt peak (kVp), target/ filter combination and mAs were recorded for each projection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical thyroid doses for these procedures, particularly those in dentistry, have been documented in the literature. [9][10][11] Thyroid dose is also of concern to clinicians performing radiological examinations, particularly in cardiology. 12 Standard texts describe the dose to the thyroid during mammography as negligible, 5,6 but this result appears to be based on calculations of data from Jensen and Butler who used procedural geometry and equipment that differs significantly from that used today.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of thyroid dose due to mammography

Whelan

McLean

Poulos

1999

Australasian Radiology

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The radiation dose to the skin overlying the thyroid was measured for 91 women undergoing routine mammographic screening. Measurement was made over 6 days using thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) detectors taped appropriately to the neck. An average skin dose of 0.39 +/- 0.22 mGy per mammographic examination was measured with measurements ranging from background levels to 1.15 mGy. The average dose was significantly correlated to the milliampere-seconds for a total procedure. The mediolateral-oblique view was found to give a 2.4-fold greater skin dose at the thyroid than the craniocaudal view. After considering depth dose data from the literature it was conservatively estimated that the dose to the thyroid gland might be 10% of the skin dose overlying the thyroid. This corresponds to an average thyroid dose during mammography of approximately 0.04 mGy which is considered insignificant compared with the average breast dose (4 mGy) and in light of the relevant available literature on the risk to the thyroid.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of thyroid dose due to mammography

Whelan

McLean

Poulos

1999

Australasian Radiology

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Antepartum Dental Radiography and Infant Low Birth Weight

Hujoel

Bollen

Noonan

et al. 2004

JAMA

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Context Both high-and low-dose radiation exposures in women have been associated with low-birth-weight offspring. It is unclear if radiation affects the hypothalamuspituitary-thyroid axis and thereby indirectly birth weight, or if the radiation directly affects the reproductive organs. Objective To investigate whether antepartum dental radiography is associated with low-birth-weight offspring. Design A population-based case-control study. Participants and Setting Enrollees of a dental insurance plan with live singleton births in Washington State between January 1993 and December 2000. Cases were 1117 women with low-birth-weight infants (Ͻ2500 g), of whom 336 were term lowbirth-weight infants (1501-2499 g and gestation Ն37 weeks). Four control pregnancies resulting in normal-birth-weight infants (Ն2500 g) were randomly selected for each case (n=4468). Main Outcome Measures Odds of low birth weight and term low birth weight by dental radiographic dose during gestation. Results An exposure higher than 0.4 milligray (mGy) during gestation occurred in 21 (1.9%) mothers of low-birth-weight infants and, when compared with women who had no known dental radiography, was associated with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) for a low-birth-weight infant of 2.27 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-4.66, P=.03). Exposure higher than 0.4 mGy occurred in 10 (3%) term low-birth-weight pregnancies and was associated with an adjusted OR for a term low-birth-weight infant of 3.61 (95% CI, 1.46-8.92, P=.005). Conclusion Dental radiography during pregnancy is associated with low birth weight, specifically with term low birth weight.

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Antepartum Dental Radiography and Low Birth Weight

Reiman

2004

JAMA

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Radiation-absorbed doses and energy imparted from panoramic tomography, cephalometric radiography, and occlusal film radiography in children

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Investigation of thyroid dose due to mammography

Investigation of thyroid dose due to mammography

Antepartum Dental Radiography and Infant Low Birth Weight

Antepartum Dental Radiography and Low Birth Weight

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