Radiation dose effect of DNA repair-related gene expression in mouse white blood cells

Li, Mingjuan; Wang, Weiwei; Chen, Shiwei; Shen, Qian; Ma, Rui

doi:10.12659/msm.881976

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As X‐irradiation mostly causes DSB, we focused on genes known to be involved in DSB‐repair. ATM, which is known to play an important role as a sensor of DNA–DSBs and leads to the induction of DNA‐repair mechanisms by attracting other DNA‐repair genes (Li, Wang, Chen, Shen, & Min, ), was significantly upregulated (FC = 4.5 ± 1.07) in irradiated microglia compared to nonirradiated microglia and spleen CD45 high ‐expressing cells (FC = −1.2 ± 0.28). In brain CD45 high ‐expressing cells, ATM could not be detected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As X-irradiation mostly causes DSB, we focused on genes known to be involved in DSB-repair. ATM, which is known to play an important role as a sensor of DNA-DSBs and leads to the induction of DNArepair mechanisms by attracting other DNA-repair genes (Li, Wang, Chen, Shen, & Min, 2011), was significantly upregulated (FC 5 4.5 6…”

Section: Significant Upregulation Of Atm a Dna-double Strand Breakmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of X‐irradiation on microglia

Menzel

Kaiser

Haehnel

et al. 2017

Glia

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Irradiation is widely used to treat brain tumors, and also to create bone marrow (BM) chimeras.BM chimeras are widely used to dissect functions and origin of microglia and blood-derived mononuclear cells under homeostatic or pathological conditions. This is facilitated by the fact that microglia survive irradiation and are thus regarded radio-resistant. In this study, we tested whether microglia are indeed radio-resistant and looked for potential mechanisms that might explain this phenomenon. We analyzed the radio-resistance of microglia independently of their physiological brain environment compared to other mononuclear cells from spleen and brain after X-irradiation with 7 Gy or 30 Gy. Furthermore, we investigated long-term effects of X-irradiation on microglia using organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs). We found a significant higher survival rate of isolated microglia 4 hr after X-irradiation with 30 Gy accompanied by a decreased proliferation rate. Investigations of apoptosis-related genes revealed no regulation of a specific antiapoptotic pathway but ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a DNA-repair-related gene, was significantly upregulated in isolated microglia 4 hr after 30 Gy. Irradiation of OHSCs with 7 and 30 Gy revealed a highly and significantly decreased cell number, morphological changes and an increase in migration velocity of microglia. Furthermore, cell loss, increased soma size and process length of microglia was also found in BM chimeras irradiated with 9.5 Gy 5 weeks after irradiation. Here, we present new evidence implying that microglia are not a homogeneous population of radio-resistant cells and report on long-term alterations of microglia that survived irradiation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significant Upregulation Of Atm a Dna-double Strand Breakmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of X‐irradiation on microglia

Menzel

Kaiser

Haehnel

et al. 2017

Glia

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“…DNA repair is a biological pathway affected by ionization radiation. In previous studies, the expression level of RAD51 was reported in human lymphocytes in response to radiation ( 15 , 23 , 24 ); however, there has been no in vivo biological dosimetry study for the RAD51 gene at different radiation doses using real-time PCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose–Response Curves of the FDXR and RAD51 Genes with 6 and 18 MV Beam Energies in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Saberi

Khodamoradi

Birgani

et al. 2016

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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BackgroundRapid dose assessment using biological dosimetry methods is essential to increase the chance of survival of exposed individuals in radiation accidents.ObjectivesWe compared the expression levels of the FDXR and RAD51 genes at 6 and 18 MV beam energies in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The results of our study can be used to analyze radiation energy in biological dosimetry.MethodsFor this in vitro experimental study, from 36 students in the medical physics and virology departments, seven voluntary, healthy, non-smoking male blood donors of Khuzestan ethnicity with no history of exposure to ionization radiation were selected using simple randomized sampling. Sixty-three peripheral blood samples were collected from the seven healthy donors. Human peripheral blood was then exposed to doses of 0, 0.2, 0.5, 2, and 4 Gy with 6 and 18 MV beam energies in a Linac Varian 2100C/D (Varian, USA) at Golestan hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the expression levels of FDXR and RAD51 were determined 24 hours post-irradiation using the gel-purified reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique and TaqMan strategy (by real-time PCR).ResultsThe expression level of FDXR gene was significantly increased at doses of 2 Gy and 4 Gy in the 6 - 18 MV energy range (P < 0.001 and P < 0.008, respectively). The medians with interquartile ranges (IQRs) of the copy numbers of the FDXR gene at 2 Gy and 4 Gy doses under 6 and 18 MV beam energies were 2393.59 (1798.21, 2575.37) and 2983.00 (2199.48, 3643.82) and 3779.12 (3051.40, 5120.74) and 5051.26 (4704.83, 5859.17), respectively. However, RAD51 gene expression levels only showed a significant difference between samples at a dose of 2 Gy with 6 and 18 MV beam energies, respectively (P < 0.040). The medians with IQRs of the copy numbers of the RAD51 gene were 2092.77 (1535.78, 2705.61) and 3412.57 (2979.72, 4530.61) at beam energies of 6 and 18 MV, respectively.ConclusionsThe data suggest that the expression analysis of the FDXR gene, contrary to that of the RAD51 gene, may be suitable for assessment of high-energy X-ray. In addition, RAD51 is not a suitable gene for dose assessment in biological dosimetry.

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“…Quantification of gene copies was performed using the ABI 7300 Real-Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) with the Power SYBR ® Green PCR Master Mix kit (Promega Corporation). The primer sequences used were as follows: Forward, 5'-GCA CAC GGA TTG CTC AAG GA-3' and reverse, 5'-GCC CAT TCG GAA TAT GGA TCAG-3' for ATM (14); and forward, 5'-CAA TGA CCC CTT CAT TGA-3' and reverse, 5'-GAC AAG CTT CCC GTT CTC AG-3' for GAPDH (15). The following thermocycling conditions were used: An initial predenaturation step at 95˚C for 10 min, followed by 40 cycles of denaturation at 95˚C for 15 sec and annealing at 60˚C for 60 sec.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated in hydrogen peroxide preconditioning against oxidative stress in Neuro-2a cells

Wang

et al. 2017

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Ischemic preconditioning is an endogenous protective mechanism that may be triggered by exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, the exact mechanisms underlying preconditioning remain to be fully understood. Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is regarded as an essential endogenous protective protein against stress. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate whether ATM mediates H2O2 preconditioning. Preconditioning of Neuro‑2a (N2a) cells with 100 µM H2O2 for 90 min resulted in protection from injury induced by a long period of exposure to 600 µM H2O2. In addition, preconditioning with 100 µM H2O2 activated ATM and increased ATM mRNA and protein expression levels in N2a cells. Furthermore, the protective effects induced by H2O2 preconditioning were attenuated by pretreatment with the ATM inhibitor, Ku55933, or ATM small interfering RNA. In conclusion, these findings suggested that ATM is involved in H2O2 preconditioning‑mediated protection against oxidative stress‑induced injury in N2a cells. To the best of our knowledge, the present study demonstrated, for the first time, that the ATM protein is a key mediator of H2O2 preconditioning.

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Radiation dose effect of DNA repair-related gene expression in mouse white blood cells

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Impact of X‐irradiation on microglia

Impact of X‐irradiation on microglia

Dose–Response Curves of the FDXR and RAD51 Genes with 6 and 18 MV Beam Energies in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Role of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated in hydrogen peroxide preconditioning against oxidative stress in Neuro-2a cells

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