Radiation effects on bone healing and reconstruction: interpretation of the literature

Jégoux, Franck; Malard, O.; Goyenvalle, Eric; Aguado, Eric; Daculsi, Guy

doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.10.001

Cited by 119 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Bone insufficiency is a significant problem resulting in stress fractures, bone fragmentation, and joint dissolution (1,2). The risk of a hip fracture for a women following pelvic irradiation for the treatment of carcinomas of the anus, cervix, or rectum is as much as three times that of the population of women who do not receive irradiation (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation induces bone injury by damaging bone marrow microenvironment for stem cells

Cao¹,

Frassica

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

223

200

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Radiation therapy can result in bone injury with the development of fractures and often can lead to delayed and nonunion of bone. There is no prevention or treatment for irradiation-induced bone injury. We irradiated the distal half of the mouse left femur to study the mechanism of irradiation-induced bone injury and found that no mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were detected in irradiated distal femora or nonirradiated proximal femora. The MSCs in the circulation doubled at 1 week and increased fourfold after 4 wk of irradiation. The number of MSCs in the proximal femur quickly recovered, but no recovery was observed in the distal femur. The levels of free radicals were increased threefold at 1 wk and remained at this high level for 4 wk in distal femora, whereas the levels were increased at 1 wk and returned to the basal level at 4 wk in nonirradiated proximal femur. Free radicals diffuse ipsilaterally to the proximal femur through bone medullary canal. The blood vessels in the distal femora were destroyed in angiographic images, but not in the proximal femora. The osteoclasts and osteoblasts were decreased in the distal femora after irradiation, but no changes were observed in the proximal femora. The total bone volumes were not affected in proximal and distal femora. Our data indicate that irradiation produces free radicals that adversely affect the survival of MSCs in both distal and proximal femora. Irradiation injury to the vasculatures and the microenvironment affect the niches for stem cells during the recovery period.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation induces bone injury by damaging bone marrow microenvironment for stem cells

Cao¹,

Frassica

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

223

200

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The region chosen for irradiation was the mandible, because it is more susceptible to osteoradionecrosis than the hind limbs in animals (15); thus, lower radiation doses had to be used because the head and neck region has more radiosensitive tissues and a high radiation dose could induce early mortality of the animals (17). With regard to the fractionate irradiation protocol, although it is recommended in head and neck radiotherapy, its execution is complex in experimental animal models as it requires multiple irradiations and repeated anesthesia, which is undesirable, because it makes reproducing the study more difficult and decreases the probability of the animal survival (4,14,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the rate of cell death increases, impairing bone remodeling and healing, and the susceptibility to bone infections also increases. The main implication of the different development processes of the oral complications is the fact that when radiotherapy has finished, the acute ones are generally reversible while the delayed ones induce permanent tissue changes (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meloxicam as a Radiation-Protective Agent on Mandibles of Irradiated Rats

et al. 2017

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This study evaluated the action of ionizing radiation and the possible radioprotective effect of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam on the bone physiology of rat mandibles by assessing the alveolar socket healing and bone strength. Forty male Wistar rats were divided in 4 groups (n=10): control (CG), irradiated (IG), meloxicam (MG), meloxicam irradiated (MIG). A dose of 0.2 mg/kg meloxicam was administered to MG and MIG. After this, IG and MIG were irradiated with 15 Gy radiation dose in the mandible. Forty days after the above procedures, the mandibular first molars were extracted and the animals were killed after 15 or 30 days (n=5). Micro-computed tomography and bending test were used to evaluate alveolar socket healing and bone strength, respectively. At 15 days, bone volume, bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness were higher in the CG and MG than in the IG and MIG; and trabecular separation was higher in the IG compared with the others. At 30 days, there was a difference only in trabecular separation, which was higher in IG than in CG and MG, and MIG did not differ from the others. Bone strength was lower in IG compared with CG and MG, and MIG did not differ from the others. In conclusion, the ionizing radiation affected the bone physiology of rat mandibles, delaying the alveolar socket healing and reducing the bone strength. Moreover, the meloxicam had a positive effect on the trabecular separation in alveolar socket healing and on the bone strength.

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“…Moreover, it could focus on more details from specific issues as dose reduced fractionation protocols and modalities, as long as data obtained from in vitro studies [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Cutting and Obtaining Blocks Of Dental Enamel And Root Dentinmentioning

confidence: 99%

ATR-FTIR Assessment of the Biochemical Composition and Micro Hardness of the Hard Tissues of Oral Cavity Submitted to Gamma Irradiation

Paredes¹,

Geraldo²,

Andrade³

2017

J Cancer Sci Ther

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Radiation effects on bone healing and reconstruction: interpretation of the literature

Cited by 119 publications

References 89 publications

Irradiation induces bone injury by damaging bone marrow microenvironment for stem cells

Irradiation induces bone injury by damaging bone marrow microenvironment for stem cells

Meloxicam as a Radiation-Protective Agent on Mandibles of Irradiated Rats

ATR-FTIR Assessment of the Biochemical Composition and Micro Hardness of the Hard Tissues of Oral Cavity Submitted to Gamma Irradiation

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