Radiative Aerothermodynamics of Entering Space Vehicles: Toward the Use of State-to-State Approach

Abstract

Modern problems of radiative aerothermodynamics of entering space vehicles are demonstrated and analyzed in the paper. New radiative gas dynamic problems concerned to coupling processes of non-equilibrium dissociation with radiation heat transfer in shock layers generated above large scale re-entry space vehicles returning from orbital and super orbital space mission are considered in the first part. Three-dimensional numerical simulation data on radiative aerothermodynamics of Martian entry probes Pathfinder, Exomars and Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) are presented and analyzed in the second part. It is shown that integral radiative heating of leeward surface of the entry probes exceeds corresponding convective heating. The third part is dedicated to consideration preliminary numerical simulation results on radiative gas dynamics of Galileo probes. At first, a review of the available results obtained during the mission preparation and post-flight analyses has been undertaken to select a computational matrix. This matrix has been selected by accounting for previous numerical efforts from the literature to crosscheck the results. Then, a model based on previous efforts has been set up for computing the flow-field around the probe at high altitude. Finally the test case matrix has been computed and crosschecked with existing numerical predictions performed. Some possibilities of innovative magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) technologies being applied to solve problems of re-entry vehicles heat protection are discussed in the fourth part. All presented data demonstrate necessity of further development of the radiative aerothermodynamics based on state-tostate approaches.

State-to-State Rate Constants for the O(3P)+H2(v) System: Quasiclassical Trajectory Calculations

“…In particular, the methods of molecular dynamics allows to obtain the most complete description of the dependence of the probabilities of physicochemical processes on the quantum states (rotational, vibrational, electronic) of reacting particles in a wide temperature range. The complete sets of state-to-state rate constants acquired in this way can be used both to obtain averaged characteristics of the reacting system (for example, thermal rate constants), or used directly in kinetic models for thermally nonequilibrium gas observed, for example, in flows with shock waves [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and detonation waves [10][11][12][13][14], flows in a supersonic nozzle [15][16][17], in gas Disclaimer/Publisher's Note: The statements, opinions, and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions, or products referred to in the content.…”