Radiative and cloud microphysical effects of the Saharan dust simulated by the WRF-Chem model

Mamun, Abdulla Al; Chen, Yongsheng; Liang, Jianyu

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2021.105646

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Dust particles in the SAL have a robust influence on regional and global climate through their impacts on radiation, clouds, hydrological cycle, and atmospheric circulation (Colarco et al, 2003;Lau et al, 2009;Wilcox et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2010). In particular, among aerosol species, dust is known for having a strong shortwave radiative effect by both efficiently scattering, as well as absorbing, incoming radiation and leading to a heating of the dust layer and strong cooling of the surface (Myhre et al, 2004;Mamun et al, 2021, Francis et al, 2022. The shortwave radiative effect is slightly counteracted by the longwave radiative effect of dust which causes warming at the surface and cooling within the atmosphere (Meloni et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Look into the Impacts of Dust Radiative Forcing on the Energetics of Tropical Easterly Waves

Hosseinpour

Wilcox²

2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Saharan dust aerosols are often embedded in tropical easterly waves, also known as African easterly waves, and are transported thousands of kilometers across the tropical Atlantic Oceans, reaching the Caribbean Sea, Amazon Basin, and the eastern U.S. However, due to the complexity of the African and Atlantic climate dynamics, there is still a lack of understanding of how dust particles may influence the development of African easterly waves, which are coupled to deep convective systems over the tropical Atlantic Ocean and in some cases may seed the growth of tropical cyclones. Here we apply 22 years of daily satellite observations and reanalysis data to explore the relationships between dust in the Saharan air layer and the development of African easterly waves. Our findings show that dust aerosols are not merely transported by the African easterly jet and the African easterly waves system across the tropical Atlantic Ocean, but also contribute to the changes in the eddy energetics of the African easterly waves. The radiative forcing efficiency of dust in the atmosphere is estimated to be a warming of approximately 20 Wm-2 over the ocean and 35 Wm-2 over land. This diabatic heating of dust aerosols in the Saharan Air Layer acts as an additional energy source to increase the growth of the waves. The enhanced diabatic heating of dust leads to the increase in meridional temperature gradients in the baroclinic zone, where eddies extract available potential energy from the mean-flow and convert it to eddy kinetic energy. This suggests that diabatic heating of dust aerosols can increase the eddy kinetic energy of the African easterly waves and enhance the baroclinicity of the region. Our findings also show that dust outbreaks over the tropical Atlantic Ocean precede the development of baroclinic waves downstream of the African easterly jet, which suggests that the dust radiative forcing has the capability to trigger the generation of the zonal and meridional transient eddies in the system comprising the African Easterly Jet and African easterly waves.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Look into the Impacts of Dust Radiative Forcing on the Energetics of Tropical Easterly Waves

Hosseinpour

Wilcox²

2023

Preprint

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“…It is an important source of trace metals, nutrients, and biological material for mountain ecosystems [2] and is mobilized and transported under specific climatic regimes [3]. Mineral dust can absorb and scatter incoming solar radiation and outgoing thermal radiation, which is known as direct radiative forcing of dust [4,5]. A positive radiative forcing causes a warming of the atmosphere; a negative radiative forcing, a cooling of the atmosphere [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snow Albedo Reduction in the Colombian Andes Mountains Due to 2000 to 2020 Saharan Dust Intrusions Events

Bolaño-Ortiz,

Díaz-Gutiérrez,

Vélez-Pereira

et al. 2023

Water

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This article investigates the snow albedo changes in Colombian tropical glaciers, namely, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), Sierra Nevada del Cocuy (NSC), Nevado del Ruíz (NDR), Nevado Santa Isabel (NDS), Nevado del Tolima (NDT), and Nevado del Huila (NDH). They are associated with the possible mineral dust deposition from the Sahara Desert during the June and July months using snow albedo (SA), snow cover (SC), and land surface temperature (LST) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites. And mineral dust (MD) from The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), both of them during 2000–2020. Results show the largest snow albedo reductions were observed at 39.39%, 32.1%, and 30.58% in SNC, SNSM, and NDR, respectively. Meanwhile, a multiple correlation showed that the glaciers where MD contributed the most to SA behavior were 35.4%, 24%, and 21.4% in NDS, NDC, and NDR. Results also display an increasing trend of dust deposition on Colombian tropical glaciers between 2.81 × 10−3 µg·m−2·year−1 and 6.58 × 10−3 µg·m−2·year−1. The results may help recognize the influence of Saharan dust on reducing snow albedo in tropical glaciers in Colombia. The findings from this study also have the potential to be utilized as input for both regional and global climate models. This could enhance our comprehension of how tropical glaciers are impacted by climate change.

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“…Saharan dust is the largest contributor to airborne dust (Tanaka & Chiba, 2006), accounting for about 57% of annual emissions of global dust (Huneeus et al., 2011; Ryder et al., 2019). Dust aerosols could directly affect the Earth‐atmosphere system radiative budget by absorbing and scattering solar radiation (J. Huang et al., 2009; Mamun et al., 2021; Ryder et al., 2019), as well as indirectly by modifying cloud macro‐ and micro‐properties by acting as active cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) (J. Huang et al., 2006; Karydis et al., 2011; Koehler et al., 2009) and heterogeneous ice nucleation particles (Hoose & Möhler, 2012; Sassen et al., 2003; Twohy et al., 2017) that affect cloud formation, and even influence precipitation (J. Huang et al., 2014). As light‐absorbing particles (LAPs), Saharan dust affects radiative forcing and the water cycle by altering snow albedo (Dumont et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Range Transport and Evolution of Saharan Dust Over East Asia From 2007 to 2020

Liu

Huang

et al. 2022

JGR Atmospheres

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Previous studies have shown that Saharan dust can be transported thousands of miles, affecting regional climates, environments, and ecosystems. However, research on the long‐range transport of Saharan dust in Asia remains limited. We systematically investigated the long‐range transportation of Saharan dust over East Asia from 2007 to 2020 using WRF‐Chem model simulations, space‐borne CALIPSO lidar observations, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, as well as HYSPLIT trajectory analysis. The results show that one quarter (24.3 ± 6.2%) of dust events in East Asia during 2007–2020 originated from the Sahara Desert. Moreover, long‐range transported Saharan dust over East Asia was usually distributed in the upper troposphere. The average total amount of transported Saharan dust over East Asia between 2010 and 2015 was estimated at 33.05 ± 9.78 Tg/yr. Additionally, Saharan dust could be transported eastward all year and contributed about 35.8% of dust loading in the upper troposphere in Northern China in spring, which is almost the same amount of dust aerosols lifted up from East Asian dust sources. This study provides new sights on the important role of Saharan dust over East Asia, and elucidates the influence of long‐range transported dust on regional climate and the water cycle.

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Radiative and cloud microphysical effects of the Saharan dust simulated by the WRF-Chem model

Cited by 16 publications

References 88 publications

A New Look into the Impacts of Dust Radiative Forcing on the Energetics of Tropical Easterly Waves

A New Look into the Impacts of Dust Radiative Forcing on the Energetics of Tropical Easterly Waves

Snow Albedo Reduction in the Colombian Andes Mountains Due to 2000 to 2020 Saharan Dust Intrusions Events

Long‐Range Transport and Evolution of Saharan Dust Over East Asia From 2007 to 2020

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