Radiative Control of the Interannual Variability of Arctic Sea Ice

Huang, Yi; Chou, Chih-Chun; Xie, Yan; Soulard, Nicholas

doi:10.1029/2019gl084204

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…All regions except the East Siberian and Chukchi seas show statistically significant trends at the 90% confidence level found to have a strong impact on the summer sea ice state (Schröder et al 2014). Additionally, anomalous radiative forcing in June has been associated with September sea ice extent anomalies (Huang et al 2019). The radiative anomalies are likely partially due to the June North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index which, in its negative phase, results in anomalous high pressure over the pole and has been identified as a possible forcing mechanism for September sea ice melt (Ding et al 2019;Li et al 2015;Wernli & Papritz, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Arctic sea ice melt onset favored by an atmospheric pressure pattern reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic pattern

et al. 2021

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The timing of melt onset in the Arctic plays a key role in the evolution of sea ice throughout Spring, Summer and Autumn. A major catalyst of early melt onset is increased downwelling longwave radiation, associated with increased levels of moisture in the atmosphere. Determining the atmospheric moisture pathways that are tied to increased downwelling longwave radiation and melt onset is therefore of keen interest. We employed Self Organizing Maps (SOM) on the daily sea level pressure for the period 1979–2018 over the Arctic during the melt season (April–July) and identified distinct circulation patterns. Melt onset dates were mapped on to these SOM patterns. The dominant moisture transport to much of the Arctic is enabled by a broad low pressure region stretching over Siberia and a high pressure over northern North America and Greenland. This configuration, which is reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic dipole pattern, funnels moisture from lower latitudes and through the Bering and Chukchi Seas. Other leading patterns are variations of this which transport moisture from North America and the Atlantic to the Central Arctic and Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Our analysis further indicates that most of the early and late melt onset timings in the Arctic are strongly related to the strong and weak emergence of these preferred circulation patterns, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Arctic sea ice melt onset favored by an atmospheric pressure pattern reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic pattern

et al. 2021

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“…(2015) used the DLR spectra to measure CO 2 radiative forcing at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) and the North Slope Alaska sites; Huang et al. (2019), Kapsch et al. (2016), Shupe and Intrieri (2004), Sokolowsky et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Downwelling Longwave Radiance Over the Southern Great Plains

et al. 2022

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Longwave radiation is a key component of the atmospheric energy budget that drives climate change. At the top of the atmosphere (TOA), the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), as well as its spectrally resolved radiance, is monitored by satellites with global coverage and long-term records (e.g., Liebmann & Smith, 1996;Stephens et al., 2012). This allows us to study changes in OLR and to test climate models (e.g.,

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“…Based on the radiative kernel technique (Shell et al., 2008; Soden et al., 2008), Huang et al. (2019) suggest a strong correlation between cloud radiative effects at the surface in June and Arctic sea ice concentration in September.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Impact of Cloud Longwave Scattering in an Atmosphere‐Only General Circulation Model Simulation

Ren

Kuo

et al. 2021

JGR Atmospheres

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Most general circulation models (GCMs) neglect cloud longwave scattering in pursuit of computational efficiency. This study implements the 2‐/4‐stream (2/4S) method, a relatively fast cloud longwave scattering treatment, in Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5) to analyze the impact of cloud longwave scattering on the large‐scale circulation. Two 45‐years‐long integrations are performed with prescribed sea surface temperature (SST). In the experiment run, cloud longwave scattering is included using the 2/4S method; in the control run, clouds only absorb in the longwave. The results show that cloud longwave scattering acts to enhance the cloud longwave (greenhouse) effect by reducing outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and enhancing downward longwave irradiance at the surface. The OLR reduction is most significant over the tropics, where surface temperatures and cloud elevations are high. The surface downward irradiance increase is most significant over polar areas and the Tibetan Plateau, where cloud elevations are low and the air below clouds is dry. Inclusion of cloud longwave scattering enhances the Walker circulation, suggestive of the importance of diabatic radiative heating in the tropical circulation. Inclusion of cloud longwave scattering also appears to shift the eddy‐driven jet poleward in the austral summer in the Southern Hemisphere, suggesting that the cloud longwave effect plays a role in shaping the jet position. Persistent equatorward jet biases in GCMs may be reduced if cloud longwave scattering is considered.

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Radiative Control of the Interannual Variability of Arctic Sea Ice

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Arctic sea ice melt onset favored by an atmospheric pressure pattern reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic pattern

Arctic sea ice melt onset favored by an atmospheric pressure pattern reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic pattern

Trends in Downwelling Longwave Radiance Over the Southern Great Plains

Global Impact of Cloud Longwave Scattering in an Atmosphere‐Only General Circulation Model Simulation

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