Radioactive gold nanocluster (198-AuNCs) showed inhibitory effects on cancer cells lines

Xuan, Shijin; Silva, Aline Oliveira da; Nunes, Rogério Chaffin; Ricci-Júnior, Eduardo; Silva, Ademir Xavier da; Sahid, Muhammad Novrizal Abdi; Alencar, Luciana Magalhães Rebêlo; Santos, Clenilton Costa dos; Morandi, Verônica; Alexis, Frank; Iram, Surtaj H.; Santos-Oliveira, Ralph

doi:10.1080/21691401.2020.1821698

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For sensitive detection, additional strategies are often employed, such as lanthanide ion-induced enhancement [ 12 ], two-photon excited photoluminescence [ 13 ], and even enrichment of the nanoclusters [ 14 ]. In fact, enrichment is an indispensable step in the applications where high-concentration nanoclusters are needed, e.g., catalysis [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], therapy [ 18 , 19 ], and electronic and optical industries [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. A number of concentration methods can potentially be used for this purpose, for instance, ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, reduced-pressure evaporation, chromatography, centrifugation, nanofluidic system, organic solvent-induced precipitation, and liquid–liquid extraction [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione Disulfide as a Reducing, Capping, and Mass-Separating Agent for the Synthesis and Enrichment of Gold Nanoclusters

et al. 2021

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Water-soluble nanoclusters, which are facilely enrichable without changes in the original properties, are highly demanded in many disciplines. In this contribution, a new class of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) was synthesized using glutathione disulfide (GSSG) as a reducing and capping agent under intermittent heating mode. The as-prepared GSSG–AuNCs had a higher quantum yield (4.1%) compared to the conventional glutathione-protected AuNCs (1.8%). Moreover, by simply introducing the GSSG–AuNC solution to acetonitrile at a volume ratio of 1:7, a new bottom phase was formed, in which GSSG–AuNCs could be 400-fold enriched without changes in properties, with a percentage recovery higher than 99%. The enrichment approach did not need additional instruments and was potentially suitable for large-scale enrichment of nanoclusters. Further, density functional theory calculations indicated that the hydrogen bonding between GSSG and acetonitrile plays a key role for the bottom phase formation. Our work suggests that the highly emissive GSSG–AuNCs possess great potential not only in fluorescent measurements but also in other scenarios in which high-concentration AuNCs may be needed, such as catalysis, drug delivery, and electronic and optical industries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione Disulfide as a Reducing, Capping, and Mass-Separating Agent for the Synthesis and Enrichment of Gold Nanoclusters

et al. 2021

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“…As a high-Z element, gold can absorb radiation and, in our study, its ability to capture neutrons along with boron could have caused a shielding effect in tumor cells. On the other hand, the emission of secondary photons or electrons from AuNPs after their activation by neutrons or other types of radiation during BNCT could add a portion of non-LET radiation and influence cell survival [ 43 ]. Though the overall exponential decrease in surviving fractions between the groups of cells irradiated with and without AuNPs looked different with the elevated fitted curve for the AuNPs-group ( Figure 5 ), further analysis revealed no statistical differences from cells irradiated without AuNPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoparticles Permit In Situ Absorbed Dose Evaluation in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Malignant Tumors

et al. 2021

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Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an anticancer modality realized through 10B accumulation in tumor cells, neutron irradiation of the tumor, and decay of boron atoms with the release of alpha-particles and lithium nuclei that damage tumor cell DNA. As high-LET particle release takes place inside tumor cells absorbed dose calculations are difficult, since no essential extracellular energy is emitted. We placed gold nanoparticles inside tumor cells saturated with boron to more accurately measure the absorbed dose. T98G cells accumulated ~50 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, 50 µg gold/mL) and boron-phenylalanine (BPA, 10, 20, 40 µg boron-10/mL), and were irradiated with a neutron flux of 3 × 108 cm−2s−1. Gamma-rays (411 keV) emitted by AuNPs in the cells were measured by a spectrometer and the absorbed dose was calculated using the formula D = (k × N × n)/m, where D was the absorbed dose (GyE), k—depth-related irradiation coefficient, N—number of activated gold atoms, n—boron concentration (ppm), and m—the mass of gold (g). Cell survival curves were fit to the linear-quadratic (LQ) model. We found no influence from the presence of the AuNPs on BNCT efficiency. Our approach will lead to further development of combined boron and high-Z element-containing compounds, and to further adaptation of isotope scanning for BNCT dosimetry.

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“…GNP radioisotopes (R198‐GNCs) are effective in killing cancer cell lines from melanoma (MV3), breast cancer (MDA‐MB‐231), and prostate cancer (PC‐3) simultaneously the same isotope is found to be effective for SPECT or PET imaging. [ 240 ] According to the same study, radioisotopes of GNPs (R198‐AuNCs) could be a breakthrough in therapeutic applications due to their high water‐soluble property, thermal stability, innovative one‐step synthesis route, high fluorescence centered at 700 nm wavelength, and chiroptical features provided by the captopril ligand. Radioiodine‐enhanced gold nanoprobes (RIS‐GNPs) as a platelet tracker for nuclear medicine imaging in tumor‐bearing mice using positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) has also been a promising field for early detection of cancer‐like disease.…”

Section: Biomedical Applications Of Gnpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in biomedical and clinical applications: A review

Mahmud²,

et al. 2021

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Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been extensively used in various applications ranging from environmental detection to biomedical applications. Due to their unique characteristics such as tunable surface properties as well as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), GNPs have garnered attention in various applications exclusively in therapy and diagnostics. Their ease of synthesis and compatibility with various functionalizing ligands has made them efficient and a robust biomedical platform. Due to their flexibility in synthesis and functionalization, GNPs have been profoundly used in cancer treatment as well as, antiviral, and antibacterial agents. In addition, owing to possessing unique optical properties, GNPs have been utilized as molecular imaging and contrast agent. This article discusses and highlights special characteristics of GNPs that have been exploited in biomedical applications in recent years to improve biomedical research in various biomedical field such as nuclear medicine, molecular imaging and contrast agent, vaccine development, medical implant, diagnostics, biosensing, and lab‐on‐chip applications. Moreover, their size dependent biocompatibility, biodistribution, and excreation was discussed in details for various in vivo applications. At the forefront of modern theraputic technology, GNPs based cancer treatment and antiviral agents have great potential which is also highlighted briefly in this article. In addition, current state of ongoing clinical trials and challenges associated with regulatory approval are explored. Lastly, the article sheds light on recent findings on the toxicity of GNPs and discusses the current challenges and prospects to future direct GNPs based biomedical research.

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Radioactive gold nanocluster (198-AuNCs) showed inhibitory effects on cancer cells lines

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Glutathione Disulfide as a Reducing, Capping, and Mass-Separating Agent for the Synthesis and Enrichment of Gold Nanoclusters

Glutathione Disulfide as a Reducing, Capping, and Mass-Separating Agent for the Synthesis and Enrichment of Gold Nanoclusters

Gold Nanoparticles Permit In Situ Absorbed Dose Evaluation in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for Malignant Tumors

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in biomedical and clinical applications: A review

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