Radiocarbon dating of mortars: Contamination effects and sample characterisation. The case-study of Andalusian medieval castles (Jaén, Spain)

Lubritto, Carmine; Ricci, Paola; Germinario, Chiara; Izzo, Francesco; Mercurio, Mariano; Langella, Alessio; Cuenca, Vicente Salvatierra; Torres, Irene Montilla; Fedi, Mariaelena; Grifa, Celestino

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2017.10.046

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…() and Lubritto et al . (). All 14 C dates were converted into calendar ages using the Marine13 calibration curve (Reimer et al ., ) implemented in the program OxCal 4.3 (Bronk Ramsey, ) with no regional reservoir correction (i.e.…”

Section: Data Set and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Radiocarbon dating was performed by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) on planktonic foraminifera collected from five samples in stratigraphic association with the analyzed tephra. Measurements were performed at the Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory, at the J. G. van de Graaff laboratory (Utrecht University) and at INFN-Labec of Florence following procedures described in Goslar et al (2004), Van Der Borg et al (1997) and Lubritto et al (2018). All 14 C dates were converted into calendar ages using the Marine13 calibration curve (Reimer et al, 2013) implemented in the program OxCal 4.3 (Bronk Ramsey, 2009) with no regional reservoir correction (i.e.…”

Section: Ams Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Late Holocene tephra record of the central Mediterranean Sea: Mapping occurrences and new potential isochrons for the 4.4–2.0 ka time interval

Insinga

Petrosino

Alberico

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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Five cores from the southern Tyrrhenian and Ionian seas were studied for their tephra and cryptotephra content in the 4.4-2.0 ka time interval. The chronological framework for each core was obtained by accelerator mass spectrometry 14 C dating, the occurrence of distinct marker tephra and stratigraphic correlation with adjacent records. Tephrochronology allowed us to correlate the analyzed deposits with tephra markers associated with Somma-Vesuvius (79 AD), Ischia Island (Cretaio), Mt Etna (FG, FL and FS) and Campi Flegrei (Astroni-Agnano Monte Spina) events. For the first time in the marine setting, a large single glass data set is provided for the Late Holocene Etnean marker beds including the FS tephra (ca. 4.3 ka). Moreover, unknown deposits from Lipari (ca. 2.2-2.0 ka) and Vulcano (3.6-3.3 ka) are also recognized at more distal sites than previously reported. These results contribute to improve the high-resolution tephrostratigraphic framework of the central Mediterranean Sea. They also provide new insights into the chemical composition and dispersal pattern of tephras that can be used as inter-archive tools for regional and 'local' stratigraphic correlations and for addressing paleoclimate research.

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Section: Data Set and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Ams Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Late Holocene tephra record of the central Mediterranean Sea: Mapping occurrences and new potential isochrons for the 4.4–2.0 ka time interval

Insinga

Petrosino

Alberico

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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“…Therefore, a reliable restoration and conservation of mortars requires a knowledge of their composition [10] (e.g., a complete mineralogical characterization and a petrographic study of mortars). For this reason, studies on this have been carried out extensively focusing on some historical monuments of several cities in Spain [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and around the world [9,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogical Analysis of Mortars in the Walls of Ávila (Spain) and Its Surroundings

García

Giménez

2019

Minerals

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The present article evaluated the mineralogical composition of 85 mortar samples from some emblematic monuments of Ávila city (Spain), which were collected during the restoration of the monuments. The aim of this article is to try to extract the relationship between the composition and the origin of the raw materials, as well as to identify possible alterations in the samples. The study of the samples was carried out using visual and petrographic techniques such as stereoscopic microscope, XRD, and SEM/EDX analysis. The main components of the mortars were calcite, feldspar and quartz, although small amounts of phyllosilicates were also identified. The minerals of the mortars came from the surroundings of the city, and some of the samples presented evident alteration of the original materials due to humidity, salt concentration, and biological weathering, possibly inducted by unfortunate effects of the restoration. Finally, a study of the salts present in some mortars showed that most samples display contamination of soluble salts such as halite, thenardite, hexaedrite, and carnalite. This investigation offers fresh insight into historic building activity and related techniques, and should provide knowledge useful for restoration and conservation processes.

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“…FTIR analysis supplemented the XRD analysis (see Tables S1 and S2 in the additional supporting information). Calcite has absorption bands at about 2513, 1795, 1410, 872 and 712 cm À1 (Ma et al 2017(Ma et al , 2018Germinario et al 2018b;Lubritto et al 2018), which were observed with high intensity in all spectra (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Mineralogical Composition Of the Mortarsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Characterization of ancient building lime mortars of Anhui province, China: A multi‐analytical approach

et al. 2020

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The characterization of lime mortars has become of primary importance in order to obtain information about the raw ingredients and building technology of ancient masonry structures. Five different samples from Anhui province, China, representing two types of lime mortar‐based materials: joint mortars between the bricks of the city wall and lime mortar sealing a tomb coffin, were collected for analysis. Archaeological information about the samples was reported and studies into the microtextural features and mineralogical compositions of those mortars were performed via a multi‐analytical approach. The joint lime mortars between the bricks of city walls, including Mingzhongdu city wall, Mingzhongdu Xihua gate foundation, Zhengyangguan city wall and She county city wall, were found to be aerial lime mortars. The lime mortar from Nanling Tieguai Song dynasty tomb was analysed and found to be a pozzolanic mortar consisting of lime, clay, sand and cocciopesto‐like materials. The analytical results serve as a critical reference for the maintenance and restoration of ancient city walls in Anhui province, and as a starting point for searching for ancient Chinese pozzolanic mortars and technology for making those mortars.

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Radiocarbon dating of mortars: Contamination effects and sample characterisation. The case-study of Andalusian medieval castles (Jaén, Spain)

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

The Late Holocene tephra record of the central Mediterranean Sea: Mapping occurrences and new potential isochrons for the 4.4–2.0 ka time interval

The Late Holocene tephra record of the central Mediterranean Sea: Mapping occurrences and new potential isochrons for the 4.4–2.0 ka time interval

Mineralogical Analysis of Mortars in the Walls of Ávila (Spain) and Its Surroundings

Characterization of ancient building lime mortars of Anhui province, China: A multi‐analytical approach

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