“…Earlier various separation methods like ion exchange chromatography, liquid-liquid extraction (LLX) using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) as liquid cation exchanger and tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat-336), trioctylamine (TOA) as liquid anion exchangers, precipitation, dry thermo-chromatography, etc., were used to separate either no-carrier-added indium or cadmium radionuclides from bulk Ag target [8,15,21,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Recently, we developed LLX technique using hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate with HNO 3 and an aqueous biphasic system (ABS) based on the use of RTIL 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride with kosmotropic salt K 2 HPO 4 for the separation of NCA 109 Cd from natural Ag target [39,40].…”