Radiogrametric Analysis of the Thoracic Limb Phalanges in Arabian Horses and Thoroughbred Horses

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to determine the statistical differences between Arabian horses and Thoroughbred horses based on X-ray images of forelimb digital bones. Latero-medial X-ray images of digital bones of thoracic limbs were taken of 25 Arabian horses and 50 Thoroughbred healthy horses. The difference between males and females within the breed was statistically analyzed as well. Nine measurements and three indexes taken from phalanges of thoracic limbs were used. Thoroughbred horses did not differ significantly between sexes, as indicated by the ANOVA. For the Arabian horses, the length of the middle of the proximal phalanx (p < 0.05), the length of the middle of the middle phalanx (p < 0.001), and the length of the dorsal surface of the distal phalanx (p < 0.05) measurement points were found to be differentiated between sexes. In the analysis made between Thoroughbred horses and Arabian horses with no respect to sex, the critical measurement was the depth of the caput of the proximal phalanx. The discriminant analysis enabled the correct classification of 89.33% of the proximal phalanx samples to the exact breed. The correct classification rate was 77.33% in the case of middle phalanx and 54.67% in the case of distal phalanx. Measurement results of the distal phalanx were found to be insignificant between both breeds and sexes. The radiological measurements of digital bones showed that sexual dimorphism was not too expressed and that decisive differences were found between the breeds.

A pilot study: Can calcaneus radiographic image be used to determine sex and breed in cats?

“…(2017) and Szara et al. (2003) but also from studies performed with measurements according to radiographic images (Eneroth et al., 1999; Gündemir et al., 2021; Limmanont et al., 2019; Oheida et al., 2019; Uzuner et al., 2016).…”

“…Osteometric differences between males and females, as well as differences between species have been examined directly in the skeletal bones of the limbs as well as in the skull bones of various animals in studies conducted by Gündemir et al (2020), Kobryńczuk et al (2008), Nganvongpanit et al (2017) and Szara et al (2003) but also from studies performed with measurements according to radiographic images (Eneroth et al, 1999;Gündemir et al, 2021;Limmanont et al, 2019;Oheida et al, 2019;Uzuner et al, 2016).…”

Shape and Size Variations of Distal Phalanges in Cattle

“…The diversity in bone shapes among ruminants living in these different habitats and climates has not yet been fully determined. In recent years, studies examining the morphometric structures of the distal phalanx have been undertaken [6][7][8]. These studies contribute to the literature's knowledge in terms of taxonomy and help explain the variations in the distal phalanx.…”

Sex determination in domestic rock pigeons (Columba livia) using radiographic morphometry

“…Radiographic morphometry is a widely used research method for sex determination in humans (Suzuki et al, 2020; Uzuner et al, 2016) and domestic mammals (Gündemir et al, 2021) but has not yet been reported in poultry.…”