Radiographic measurements of alveolar bone loss in the rat

Gaegauf-Zollinger, R; Burckhardt, Johann Jakob; Guggenheim, B

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(82)90188-1

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…9 The standardization of radiographic exposures in animal models has been investigated, but procedures still require high-cost equipment and are time-consuming. 3 Radiographic studies with rats have used mammography films, 5 dental radiography films, [10][11][12] intraoral 4 or oclusal, 12,13 and low kilovoltage X-ray sources. [14][15][16] These studies do not seem to have reached satisfactory results -as they were not employed in more recent studies -and other methods to obtain images, such as X-ray absorptiometry, bone densitometry [17][18][19][20][21] and micro X-ray CT [22][23][24][25] have been investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 However, the radiographic procedures usually adopted to obtain linear measures of larger animals and human beings are complicated in rats because of their small size. 2 Moreover, low-power X-ray machines have to be used to record detailed images of anatomical structures, such as the cementoenamel junction, [3][4][5][6] and a positioning device has to be used to ensure reproducibility of radiographic exposures in the same animal. 5 However, few studies in the literature 3,5 report attempts to establish geometric standardization of the process of obtaining radiographs of the mandible of live rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 Fontanella et al 7 developed and tested a positioning apparatus for oblique lateral radiographs of the mandible using five formaldehyde-preserved heads of rats and dental films. The tested apparatus ensured standardization for the detection of subtle bone losses using digital subtraction of images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal parameters for lateral oblique radiographs of rat mandibles

Mahl

Fontanella²

2008

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

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Objective: To establish optimal exposure parameters for lateral oblique radiographs of rat mandibles using an intraoral X-ray machine. Methods: A positioning apparatus, previously tested for its reproducibility, was used to obtain radiographs of four heads of formaldehyde-preserved Wistar rats. Radiographs were exposed at 50 kV and 8 mA using four size 2 films (Insight, Ektaspeed Plus, Ultraspeed and D-Speed; Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, NY), two focal distances (30 cm and 60 cm) and seven exposure times (0.6 s, 0.7 s, 0.8 s, 1.0 s, 1.5 s, 2.0 s and 2.5 s). The radiographs were evaluated by two examiners and scored for image quality: 1, very poor; 2, poor; 3, fair; 4, good; and 5, excellent. The evaluations were repeated at 30 days. Results: Intraobserver reproducibility was substantial (kappa 5 0.798 and 0.667). Also, the two examiners showed substantial agreement (kappa 5 0.726). There was a significant difference (a 5 1%) between the scores for the films under study. At a 30 cm distance, Espeed films had mean scores of 4 and 5 at 0.8 s and 1 s exposure times, and D-speed films, at 1.5 s, 2 s and 2.5 s exposure times. At a 60 cm distance, the best results were found for Espeed films at 2.0 s and 2.5 s exposure times. Conclusion: The films under study did not show any significant difference in the quality of rat mandible images as long as exposure times were adequate to their sensitivity and focal distance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal parameters for lateral oblique radiographs of rat mandibles

Mahl

Fontanella²

2008

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

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“…14 Notwithstanding, radiographic procedures designed to obtain measurements used with large animals and humans are problematic, if not impossible, due to the small size of rats. 15 The first difficulty encountered is the need for a device which ensures the reproducibility of radiographic views of the same animal, immobilizing live rats during the X-ray. 16 For this purpose, prior to this study the authors developed a positioning device for taking lateral X-rays of rodent mandibles, which proved to result in reproducible images.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16 We have previously evaluated the ideal exposure conditions for the technique being employed, 12 finding that excellent quality images could be obtained using Espeed film, a focal distance of 30 cm and exposure time of 1 s, with an X-ray unit operating at 8 mA at 50 kVp, which is the configuration used in this study.…”

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confidence: 99%