Radiological and osteological study of the pelvic limbs in free‐ranging capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the radiographic anatomy and osteology and to evaluate angular radiographic measurements-Norberg angle, inclination angle and anteversion angle-of the pelvic limbs in free-ranging capybaras. Twenty cadavers of free-ranging capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), including five adults and 15 subadults, were studied. Ventrodorsal, craniocaudal, dorsoplantar and mediolateral radiographic views of the pelvic limbs were obtained. The radiographic features were described together with bone samples. The hip bone (os coxae), shaped like an isosceles trapezoid, was elongated and narrow with the presence of an oblong obturator foramen, sagittal ilial wing and rectilinear ilial body. The femoral shaft was relatively straight, while the greater trochanter was projected above the femoral head. No sesamoid bones of the gastrocnemius and popliteus muscles were observed radiographically or for those animals used in gross macroscopy. The fibula was located lateral and parallel to the tibia. Eight tarsal bones, four metatarsal bones and three digits were identified. The mean radiographic measurements included Norberg angle of 125.9°; respective angles of femoral inclination by the Hauptman B and Tomlinson methods of 139.9 and 141°; anteversion angle of the femoral head and neck of 29.80°. The bones of the pelvic limbs in capybaras have several anatomical characters and radiological features that are shared with members of the caviomorph superfamily Cavioidea. The radiographic angles measured in this study help characterize the functional morphology of this species.

Hind foot drumming: morphological adaptations of the muscles and bones of the hind limb in three African mole‐rat species

“…) and the semi‐aquatic Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (capybara; Brombini et al. ). The round obturator foramen observed in C. h. natalensis is similar to that of terrestrial Rattus norvegicus (rat, Greene, ).…”

“…; Wilson & Geiger, ; Brombini et al. ) and are therefore unlikely to have an influence on drumming. The greater, lesser and third trochanters are some of the main muscle attachment sites on the femur (Wilson & Geiger, ).…”

“…; Garcia‐Esponda & Candela, ; Brombini et al. ), Cunuculus paca (paca; de Araujo et al. ) and four semi‐fossorial Tympanoctomys species (viscacha rats; Perez et al.…”

Description of the Neochoerus specimens from the Late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) of Chiapas, and comments on the taxonomic identity of the fossil capybaras from other Mexican localities

“…Upper and lower dentition are identified by uppercase and lowercase letters, respectively (e.g., M1, m1). For the cranial, mandibular and postcranial elements the nomenclature was based on König and Liebich (2007), Bode et al (2013) and Brombini et al (2018). In the text, we employ the name Neochoerus cordobai because it is the first name used in the original description (see Carranza-Castañeda and Miller, 1988).…”

>b<Estudo anatômico para aplicação clinico-cirúrgica do aparelho locomotor de capivaras (>i<Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris>/i<)>/b<

“…Não há um consenso na literatura sobre a anatomia do pé em capivaras. No presente trabalho observa-se a presença de ossos vestigiais como I tarsal, no entanto, o I e V metatarso apresentaram divergências nas descrições de Araújo et al (2012), Bode et al (2014) e Brombini et al (2018). Foi descrito que o I tarsal é um osso tibial do tarso (Araujo et al 2012), ou osso medial do tarso (Brombini et al 2018).…”