Radiological characteristics of glioblastoma multiforme using CT and MRI examination

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe, analyze and characterize computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. One hundred and three clinically definite GBM patient information, CT and MRI images along with clinical records and demographic data were retrospectively collected from the radiology information system (RIS) database of the Radiology and Medical Imaging Department of King Fahd Medical City between January 2012 to March 2019. Based on our analysis, 70.9% and 29.1% were males and females patients with a mean age of 49.05 ± 14.77 years. The majority of patients (98.1%) were diagnosed with GBM by MRI T2-weighted fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense scanning protocols, 97.1% diagnosed by MRI T2-weighted hyperintense and 93.2% were diagnosed by an MRI T1-weighted hypointense. About 98.1% of patients had MRI contrast enhancement while 88.1% and 6.8% had a CT hypodense and heterogeneous appearance, respectively. GBM shape in 100% of patients was irregular and the majority (41.8%) of GBM were located in the frontal lobe. In conclusion, this study manages to describe, analyze and characterize the radiological features of GBM in CT and MRI examination.

Reclassification of Glioblastoma Multiforme According to the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors: A Single Institution Report and Practical Significance

“…Regarding the tumor localization, Flores in a cohort of 44 patients, including only cases of GBM according to the WHO classification from 2021 and very close to our demographic characteristics, found that the majority of tumors (59.1%) are located in the right cerebral hemisphere, and the most common localization relative to the lobe is the frontal (29.5%), followed by temporal and parietal with 25%, and the rarest localization in the occipital lobe [ 22 ]. In another study, similar in volume and gender distribution but with a significantly lower mean age (49.05 years), Abd-Elghany found that again the most common site of GBM was in the frontal lobe, followed by the temporal, parietal, occipital lobes, and most rarely-subtentorial [ 23 ]. Despite the differences in localization between the three cohorts, the most common localization is temporal, followed by parietal, frontal, and occipital, underlining the diffuse origin of the tumor from different brain structures.…”

Comparison of In Vivo and Ex Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Rat Model for Glioblastoma-Associated Epilepsy

“…Peritumoral brain edema is frequently seen in GB patients and can be visualized on MRI as a region of increased T2 signal intensity at the tumor margin. However, there is no consensus for the measurement or classification of peritumoral edema on MRI, and the appearance of edema and tumor mass on MRI is variable [21,22]. Laboratory animal imaging requires a higher field strength, in the range of 4.7-11.7 T (most commonly 7 T), compared to the standard clinical range of 1.5-3 T to obtain a better spatial resolution.…”

Comparative study of diffuse midline glioma and glioblastoma: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the characteristics and demography

“…3,8 GBM usually occurs after the age of 40 years. 5,7,9,10 This study showed most patients with DMG were of 25 years or below age group, whereas the majority of GBMs were of above 50 years age group.…”