Radon measurements in well and spring water in Lebanon

Abdallah, Samer M.; Habib, Rima R.; Nuwayhid, R.Y.; Chatila, Malek; Katul, Gabriel G.

doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2006.11.004

Cited by 54 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In general, 222 Rn concentrations evaluated in the present study are around the same levels as those presented by other authors (Table 5). However, in comparison to similar T ranges, published works showed lower 222 Rn concentrations (<50 Bq/L) than those found here [45][46][47]. According to this work, the authors found a slight trend towards lower radon concentration with increasing temperature in water [48].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Hydrochemistry and 222Rn Concentrations in Spring Waters in the Arid Zone El Granero, Chihuahua, Mexico

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Water in arid and semi-arid environments is characterized by the presentation of complex interactions, where dissolved chemical species in high concentrations have negative effects on the water quality. Radon is present in areas with a high uranium and radium content, and it is the main contributor of the annual effective dose received by humans. The objective of this study was to evaluate concentrations of 222 Rn and the water quality of spring waters. Water was classified as calcium sulfated and sodium sulfated. Most of the water samples with high radon concentrations presented higher concentrations of sulfates, fluorides, and total dissolved solids. 222 Rn concentrations may be attributed to possible enhancement of 226 Ra due to temperature and salinity of water, as well as evaporation rate. In 100% of the sampled spring waters the 222 Rn levels exceeded the maximum acceptable limit which is proposed by international institutions. Aridity increases radiological risk related to 222 Rn dose because spring waters are the main supply source for local populations. The implementation of environmental education, strategies, and technologies to remove the contaminants from the water are essential in order to reduce the health risk for local inhabitants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Hydrochemistry and 222Rn Concentrations in Spring Waters in the Arid Zone El Granero, Chihuahua, Mexico

et al. 2017

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“…The variable concentration radon in ground water is due to several factors, including the presence of uranium and thorium in the original rocks, various grading of rock, type of crystal lattice [20] dilution by rainwater, temperature [1,10,21], direction and duration of water flow [20]. Radon concentrations in ground water, depends on the type of aquifer rock, too.…”

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confidence: 99%

Radon concentration in drinking water in villages nearby Rafsanjan fault and evaluation the annual effective dose

Malakootian

Khashi

Iranmanesh

et al. 2014

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Abnormal amount of radon in water results in increasing health risks. Concentrations of 222 Rn in 56 samples of drinking water resources, in villages surrounding ''Rafsanjan fault'' were measured in the fall of 2013.Range radon concentration is 0 and 18.480 BqL -1 , respectively. The maximum annual effective dose for adults and children were 181.5 and 248.95 lSvY -1 , respectively, and the lowest was zero for both groups. Radon concentration is higher on the right side of the fault than the left side. In order to reduce the radon concentration, water ventilation is recommended before use.

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“…Considering the potential health risk of waterborne radon, about 89% of lung cancer caused by inhalation of 222 Rn escaped from water and 11% of stomach cancer caused by intake of 222 Rn contaminated water (NASR 1999). 222 Rn concentration in potable water, air, and soil have been conducted in many parts of the world in order to assess the annual effective dose and to minimize the inauspicious health hazards of radon on human beings (Abdallah, Habib, Nuwayhid, Chatila, & Katul, 2007;Cosma, Moldovan, Dicu, & Kovacs, 2008;Khattak et al, 2011;Rani, Mehra, & Duggal, 2013;Singh, Singh, Singh, & Bajwa, 2008;Srinivasa et al, 2015;Voronov, 2004). Also, radon measurement studies applied for detecting sources of geothermal energy, surveying of geological faults and conducting volcanic observations, exploration of uranium and thorium deposits (Gurav, Chandrasekharam, & Singh, 2015;Khattak et al, 2011;Majumdar, Majumdar, & Mukherjee, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of radon concentration in drinking water and natural radioactivity in soil and their radiological hazards

Suresh¹,

Rangaswamy

Srinivasa³

et al. 2020

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

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Natural radioactivity in soil, rock, building materials, and water is very important for the radiological protection point of view. Radon is one of the carcinogenic radioactive gases. Radon causes radiological risk to the public via ingestion and inhalation. The 222 Rn activity concentrations were estimated in potable water of Uttara Kannada district (Coastal region) using the Emanometry technique. Radon activity levels were found to vary from 2.37 ± 0.19 Bql −1 to 171.35 ± 1.96 Bql −1 with a mean value of 22.62 ± 0.82 Bql −1. The majority of the radon levels are within the reference level of 100 Bql −1 proposed by WHO and EU Commission. Nearly 55% of the potable water had radon activity levels exceeds the MCL of 11.1 Bql −1 proposed by USEPA. The annual average ingestion dose values are lower than the action level of 100 µSvy −1 as proposed by WHO and EU Commission. The activity concentration of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K in soil were estimated by using NaI(Tl) detector-based gamma-ray spectrometry. The average activity of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K in soil samples is 36.12, 50.45, and 315.35 Bq kg −1 , respectively, and the activity concentration of 226 Ra and 232 Th is slightly higher than the world average. The calculated radiological hazards are well within the world average value.

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Radon measurements in well and spring water in Lebanon

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

Hydrochemistry and 222Rn Concentrations in Spring Waters in the Arid Zone El Granero, Chihuahua, Mexico

Hydrochemistry and 222Rn Concentrations in Spring Waters in the Arid Zone El Granero, Chihuahua, Mexico

Radon concentration in drinking water in villages nearby Rafsanjan fault and evaluation the annual effective dose

Measurement of radon concentration in drinking water and natural radioactivity in soil and their radiological hazards

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