Radon monitoring in the Northern Tien Shan with application to the process of tectonic earthquake nucleation

Utkin, Vadim I.; Mamyrov, E.; Kan, M.; Krivasheev, S. V.; Yurkov, A. K.; Kosyakin, I. I.; Shishkanov, A. N.

doi:10.1134/s1069351306090072

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Whether a fault is creeping or locking can also directly affect Hg migration from the deep layers to the surface. Just as other gases (e.g., Radon or Carbon dioxide), gaseous Hg activity growth from reverse faults to strike-slip and normal faults (Seminsky and Bobrov 2009), is consistent with greater emanation in extension zones relative to that in compressive structures (Utkin et al 2006). The permeability of faults, other things being equal, should decrease in the series of faults formed under extension, shear, and compression, respectively.…”

Section: Soil Gas Hg Concentrations Across a Faultmentioning

confidence: 87%

Soil mercury spatial variations in the fault zone and corresponding influence factors

X¹,

Si²,

Xiang³

et al. 2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Field measurements were performed using a LUMEX RA-915+ mercury vapour analyser to determine the gaseous mercury (Hg) concentrations in the soils of the North China plain, Loess Plateau, Changping District, Haiyuan fault zone, and north Beiluntai (BLT) fault at the edge of south Tianshan. The factors affecting the soil gas Hg concentration, such as the sampler type, test hole depth, soil characteristics, fault characteristics, and the mechanisms of their influence are discussed in terms of a gas diffusion equation. The results show that (1) the soil gas Hg concentration is affected mainly by the time lapse between the hole drilling and measurement, test hole depth and sampler shape; (2) the measured soil gas Hg concentration agrees well with the gas diffusion equation analytical solution, and the curve shape is closely related to the degree of Hg enrichment in the soil and the soil density; and (3) the soil gas concentration in the fracture zone is largely affected by the rock type, tectonics, the fault slip rate, the degree of fault locking, the development degree of fractures between the hanging wall and footwall, and the degree of fracture locking because these factors can alter the Hg upward transport channels and degree of surface enrichment. The effects of these factors on the diffusion coefficient in shallow soil layers are insignificant. The diffusion coefficient D depends on the particle size, density and porosity of the soil materials.

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Section: Soil Gas Hg Concentrations Across a Faultmentioning

confidence: 87%

Soil mercury spatial variations in the fault zone and corresponding influence factors

X¹,

Si²,

Xiang³

et al. 2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…The increase in the velocity of their extension leads to greater opening of the pores and an extension of frac tures that is accompanied by intensified release of radon and thoron [15], an increase in their contents in the subsurface ground layer, and their significant emis sion into the atmosphere. As a result, the origination of the negative space charge in calm weather and its further destruction will cause a baylike decrease in the atmospheric electric field near the ground with syn chronous relative microshifting of the rock fragments and generation of anomalous geoacoustic signals [4,5].…”

Section: The Reason For Synchronous Disturbances In the Atmospheric Ementioning

confidence: 98%

The reason for synchronous disturbances in the atmospheric electric field and high-frequency geoacoustic emission during the seismotectonic process

2015

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The boundary between the lithosphere and the atmosphere is characterized by specific effects related to the interaction and transformation of various geo physical fields. The persistent various scale variations of these fields reflect the complex relations between their sources and also the properties of solid and gas eous media [1]. These effects are most intensely man ifested in seismically active regions, where permanent seismotectonic process is accompanied by stronger deformation of the rocks.The atmospheric electric field and the high fre quency geoacoustic emission are measured in air near the ground and in the surface rocks. The link between disturbances of these geophysical fields various in ori gins is found in Kamchatka at calm weather free of interfered meteofactors. This link is manifested in a baylike decrease in the gradient of potential V' of the electric field (up to the change of the sign) under a sharp and significant increase in the acoustic pressure P S in the kHz frequency range. Such disturbances of V ' and P S were registered in seismically calm periods and during the final stage prior to the earthquake, which indicates their seismotectonic origin [2,3]. The disturbances of the high frequency geoacoustic emis sion prior to the earthquakes are related to active deformation of the subsurface sedimentary rocks at the measurement point [4]. Synchronous disturbances of V' and P S are registered at increase in the velocity of extension of these rocks, the deformation of which was two orders of magnitude higher than the tidal ones [5].The reason for synchronous disturbances of the atmospheric electric field and the high frequency geoacoustic emission in the seismoactive region dur ing calm weather is unclear. It is important for under standing the lithospheric effect on the atmosphere during the seismotectonic process and also the response of the electricity of the ground atmospheric layer. Below we explain the reasons for the synchro nous origin of these disturbances.In good weather, in spite of the electrode effect, a negative electric charge may originate in the air layer from decimeters to a few meters thick near the ground [6][7][8]. The average density of this charge is about -700 pC/m 3 [9], and the highest density may attain -1200 [10] and even -3200 pC/m 3 [11], which is comparable with that of the space charge in stormy clouds (300-3000 pC/m 3 ) [12]. The normal atmo spheric electric field decreases near such a strong neg ative charge or even changes its sign [10,11]. These values, however, are measured in aseismic regions. In Kamchatka, a negative space charge was recorded prior to an earthquake with magnitude 6.0 at a dis Abstract-The atmospheric electric field, the geoacoustic emission at frequencies of 0.7-2.0 kHz at three points, the volumetric activity of radon and thoron in the surface ground layer, the atmospheric pressure, the velocity of wind, and the intensity of rain were synchronously measured from August 27 to October 17, 2012, at the interception zone of various faults 41...

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“…Раутиан [Barsukov et al, 1992]. В литературе неоднократно отмечалось [Ulomov, Ma vashev, 1967;Rikitake, 1976;Allegri et al, 1983;Asada…, 1982;Barsukov et al, 1985Barsukov et al, , 1989Barsukov et al, , 1992Igarashi, Wakita, 1990;Mogi, 1985;Kissin, 1988Kissin, , 1993Voitov, Popov, 1993;Sobolev, 1993;Utkin et al, 2006;Krupoderov, Kulikov, 2008;Dobrovolsky, 2009;Ghosh et al, 2009;Semenov, 2010;Se menov, Smekalin, 2011;Ryabinin, Kuzmin, 2012;Firstov, Makarov, 2015;и др. ], что надежными предвестниками времени возникновения землетрясений являются гид рогеохимические данные на основании исследований концентраций растворенных радона и гелия в подзем ных водах.…”

Section: поиск предвестников землетрясенийunclassified

“…Уткина с коллегами за вариациями поля радона его заметные изменения наблюдались за 90-100 дней до сейсмического события, а характерные -за 3-5 дней. Само же земле трясение произошло спустя 48 часов после достиже ния максимума концентрации радона [Utkin et al, 2006]. По нашим данным, падение концентрации растворенного гелия в глубинной воде Байкала началось за три недели до Култукского землетрясения 2008 г. с М=6.3 и прекратилось за два дня до сейсмического толчка [Semenov, 2010].…”

Section: поиск предвестников землетрясенийunclassified

The study of dissolved helium and radon concentrations in groundwaters of Southern Pribaikalie in connection with seismic processes

Semenov

Lopatin

Чечельницкий

2020

Geodin. tektonofiz.

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It is known that changes in geochemical fields may be due to the formation and development of earthquake foci. Hydrogeochemical fields at observation sites can be disturbed by underground shocks of sufficient energy, which occur at specific epicentral distances. Our study aimed to reveal these relationships by analysing the concentrations of helium and radon in groundwaters of Southern Pribaikalie, the area around Lake Baikal in Russia. Water samples were taken daily at 10 a.m. from artesian well No. 3 in Zeleny Mys, Irkutsk region. After water sparging, radon concentrations were measured by beta-detection Camera-01 and INGEM-1 (magnetic discharge indicator of helium) to determine helium concentrations. We analysed the concentration values in connection with 22 seismic events that occurred from 2010 to 2016 at the hydrogeochemical observation site (energy classes K of 10.4–14.5; epicentral distances of 40–750 km; conditional energy of K’>6). Based on the radon and helium concentration diagrams, specific regularities were established in the concentration variations before the earthquakes. Generally, concentration variations (increasing/decreasing) in excess of 1.5–2.0 standard deviations preceded earthquakes. This article presents the study results and discusses variations in the radon and helium concentrations, which are due to the seismic process and can be considered as a short-term precursor of earthquakes.

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Radon monitoring in the Northern Tien Shan with application to the process of tectonic earthquake nucleation

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Soil mercury spatial variations in the fault zone and corresponding influence factors

Soil mercury spatial variations in the fault zone and corresponding influence factors

The reason for synchronous disturbances in the atmospheric electric field and high-frequency geoacoustic emission during the seismotectonic process

The study of dissolved helium and radon concentrations in groundwaters of Southern Pribaikalie in connection with seismic processes

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