Raman Spectroscopy—A Powerful Tool for in situ Planetary Science

Tarcea, N.; Frosch, Torsten; Rösch, Petra; Hilchenbach, M.; Stuffler, T.; Höfer, Stefan; Thiele, Hans; Hochleitner, Rupert; Popp, Jürgen

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-77516-6_20

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The potential of this methodology has recently been demonstrated by Raman apparatus, which were used to perform analyses under extreme conditions (Tarcea et al 2008;Di Genova et al 2015 and reference therein). Moreover, both the European Space Agency (ESA) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have established two forthcoming Mars mission [ExoMars program (2016[ExoMars program ( -2018 and Mars 2020], using rovers equipped with Raman spectrometers, to investigate the martian environment to provide information about the potential generation of life and igneous processes on the planet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models for the estimation of Fe³⁺/Fe_totratio in terrestrial and extraterrestrial alkali- and iron-rich silicate glasses using Raman spectroscopyk

Genova¹,

Hess²,

Chevrel³

et al. 2016

American Mineralogist

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To develop Raman spectroscopy as a quantitative tool in both geosciences and planetary sciences the effect of iron oxidation state (Fe 3+ /Fe tot) on the Raman spectra of basaltic and pantelleritic glasses has been investigated. We have used remelted pantellerite from Pantelleria Island and synthetic ironrich basaltic glasses [from Chevrel et al. (2014)]. The Raman spectra of pantelleritic glasses reveal dramatic changes in the high wavelength region of the spectrum (800-1200 cm-1) as iron oxidation state changes. In particular the 970 cm-1 band intensity increases with increasing oxidation state of the glass (Fe 3+ /Fe tot ratio from 0.24 to 0.83). In contrast, Raman spectra of the basaltic glasses do not show the same oxidation state sensitivity (Fe 3+ /Fe tot ratio from 0.15 to 0.79). A shift, however, of the 950 cm-1 band to high wavenumber with decreasing iron oxidation state can be observed. We present here two empirical parameterizations (for silica-and alkali-rich pantelleritic glasses and for iron-rich basaltic glasses) to enable estimation of the iron oxidation state of both anhydrous and hydrous silicate glasses (up to 2.4 wt% H 2 O). The validation of the models derived from these parameterizations have been obtained using the independent characterization of these melt samples plus a series of external samples via wet chemistry. The "pantelleritic" model can be applied within SiO 2 , FeO, and alkali content ranges of ~69-75, ~7-9, and ~8-11 wt%, respectively. The "basaltic" model is valid within SiO 2 , FeO, and alkali content ranges of ~42-54, ~10-22, and ~3-6 wt%, respectively. The results of this study contribute to the expansion of the compositionally dependent database previously presented by Di Genova et al. (2015) for Raman spectra of complex silicate glasses. The applications of these models range from microanalysis of silicate glasses (e.g., melt inclusions) to handheld in situ terrestrial field investigations and studies under extreme conditions such as extraterrestrial (i.e., Mars), volcanic, and submarine environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models for the estimation of Fe³⁺/Fe_totratio in terrestrial and extraterrestrial alkali- and iron-rich silicate glasses using Raman spectroscopyk

Genova¹,

Hess²,

Chevrel³

et al. 2016

American Mineralogist

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“…Advanced imaging spectroscopy and instrument technologies have established Raman spectrometry as a powerful technique for rapid and precise determination of the distribution of assorted compounds in heterogeneous samples. Both inorganic and organic materials can be identified in situ with a submillimeter resolution, under extreme conditions and with little to no sample preparation (see Tarcea et al [] and Greenberger et al . [] for reviews).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectra of Martian glass analogues: A tool to approximate their chemical composition

et al. 2016

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Raman spectrometers will form a key component of the analytical suite of future planetary rovers intended to investigate geological processes on Mars. In order to expand the applicability of these spectrometers and use them as analytical tools for the investigation of silicate glasses, a database correlating Raman spectra to glass composition is crucial. Here we investigate the effect of the chemical composition of reduced silicate glasses on their Raman spectra. A range of compositions was generated in a diffusion experiment between two distinct, iron‐rich end‐members (a basalt and a peralkaline rhyolite), which are representative of the anticipated compositions of Martian rocks. Our results show that for silica‐poor (depolymerized) compositions the band intensity increases dramatically in the regions between 550–780 cm−1 and 820–980 cm−1. On the other hand, Raman spectra regions between 250–550 cm−1 and 1000–1250 cm−1 are well developed in silica‐rich (highly polymerized) systems. Further, spectral intensity increases at ~965 cm−1 related to the high iron content of these glasses (~7–17 wt % of FeOtot). Based on the acquired Raman spectra and an ideal mixing equation between the two end‐members we present an empirical parameterization that enables the estimation of the chemical compositions of silicate glasses within this range. The model is validated using external samples for which chemical composition and Raman spectra were characterized independently. Applications of this model range from microanalysis of dry and hydrous silicate glasses (e.g., melt inclusions) to in situ field investigations and studies under extreme conditions such as extraterrestrial (i.e., Mars) and submarine volcanic environments.

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“…Scattering used for Raman spectroscopy is typically associated with energy lost by the scattered light (Stokes scattering), because the amplitude of the signal is higher than for energy gained (anti-Stokes scattering) (Tarcea et al . 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal degradation of organic material by portable laser Raman spectrometry

Som

Foing

2012

International Journal of Astrobiology

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Raman spectrometry has been established as an instrument of choice for studying the structure and bond type of known molecules, and identifying the composition of unknown substances, whether geological or biological. This versatility has led to its strong consideration for planetary exploration. In the context of the ExoGeoLab and ExoHab pilot projects of ESA-ESTEC & ILEWG (International Lunar Exploration Working Group), we investigated samples of astrobiological interest using a portable Raman spectrometer lasing at 785 nm and discuss implications for planetary exploration. We find that biological samples are typically best observed at wavenumbers >1100 cm−1, but their Raman signals are often affected by fluorescence effects, which lowers their signal-to-noise ratio. Raman signals of minerals are typically found at wavenumbers <1100 cm−1, and tend to be less affected by fluorescence. While higher power and/or longer signal integration time improve Raman signals, such power settings are detrimental to biological samples due to sample thermal degradation. Care must be taken in selecting the laser wavelength, power level and integration time for unknown samples, particularly if Raman signatures of biological components are anticipated. We include in the Appendices tables of Raman signatures for astrobiologically relevant organic compounds and minerals.

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Raman Spectroscopy—A Powerful Tool for in situ Planetary Science

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Models for the estimation of Fe³⁺/Fe_totratio in terrestrial and extraterrestrial alkali- and iron-rich silicate glasses using Raman spectroscopyk

Models for the estimation of Fe³⁺/Fe_totratio in terrestrial and extraterrestrial alkali- and iron-rich silicate glasses using Raman spectroscopyk

Raman spectra of Martian glass analogues: A tool to approximate their chemical composition

Thermal degradation of organic material by portable laser Raman spectrometry

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Raman Spectroscopy—A Powerful Tool for in situ Planetary Science

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Models for the estimation of Fe3+/Fetotratio in terrestrial and extraterrestrial alkali- and iron-rich silicate glasses using Raman spectroscopyk

Models for the estimation of Fe3+/Fetotratio in terrestrial and extraterrestrial alkali- and iron-rich silicate glasses using Raman spectroscopyk

Raman spectra of Martian glass analogues: A tool to approximate their chemical composition

Thermal degradation of organic material by portable laser Raman spectrometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Models for the estimation of Fe³⁺/Fe_totratio in terrestrial and extraterrestrial alkali- and iron-rich silicate glasses using Raman spectroscopyk

Models for the estimation of Fe³⁺/Fe_totratio in terrestrial and extraterrestrial alkali- and iron-rich silicate glasses using Raman spectroscopyk