Raman study of ion-induced defects in<i>N</i>-layer graphene

Jório, Ado; Lucchese, Márcia Maria; Stavale, Fernando; Ferreira, Erlon H. Martins; Moutinho, Marcus V. O.; Capaz, Rodrigo B.; Achete, Carlos A.

doi:10.1088/0953-8984/22/33/334204

Cited by 129 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…At large L D (small Φ), the ratio I D /I G increases with decreasing L D , passes through a maximum and then rapidly decreases. Such non-monotonic behavior is common for many experimental observations [5][6][7][8][9] and agrees with the theoretical model 13 based on the assumption that a single ion impact leads to the formation of a defect characterized by two length scales r S and r A (r A > r S ), which are the radii of two circular areas surrounding the defect (see insert in Fig. 5).…”

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confidence: 87%

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Influence of ageing on Raman spectra and the conductivity of monolayer graphene samples irradiated by heavy and light ions

Бутенко

Zion

Kaganovskii

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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The influence of long-term ageing (about one year) on the Raman scattering (RS) spectra and the temperature dependence of conductivity has been studied in two series of monolayer graphene samples irradiated by different doses of C + and Xe + ions. It is shown that the main result of ageing consists of changes in the intensity and position of D-and G-and 2D-lines in RS spectra and in an increase of the conductivity. The observed effects are explained in terms of an increase of the radius of the "activated" area around structural defects.

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Section: Fig 3 (Color Online)supporting

confidence: 87%

“…The measurement of the Raman scattering (RS) spectra is considered an effective tool for probing the structure of disordered graphene and the density of introduced defects [5][6][7][8] . Typical RS spectra for disordered graphene consist of three main lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ageing on Raman spectra and the conductivity of monolayer graphene samples irradiated by heavy and light ions

Бутенко

Zion

Kaganovskii

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…The Raman relaxation length for the disorder-induced Raman scattering process in graphene was also established in these experiments, and 2 nm [82] was found, a value that is at least 10 times more accurate than the values previously published in the literature [84,85]. This work was extended to study the effect of low-energy (90 eV) Ar + ion bombardment in graphene samples as a function of the number of layers [86,87]. In sequence, the I D /I G dependence on the excitation laser energy E laser , already established for nanographite [88,89], was extended to point defects in graphene [90], thus providing a formula for quantifying the amount of defects in graphene for any excitation laser energy.…”

Section: Pushing the Limits Of Raman Spectroscopy Applications On Sp mentioning

confidence: 52%

Raman Spectroscopy in Graphene-Based Systems: Prototypes for Nanoscience and Nanometrology

Jório

2012

ISRN Nanotechnology

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143

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Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool to characterize the different types of sp 2 carbon nanostructures, including two-dimensional graphene, one-dimensional nanotubes, and the effect of disorder in their structures. This work discusses why sp 2 nanocarbons can be considered as prototype materials for the development of nanoscience and nanometrology. The sp 2 nanocarbon structures are quickly introduced, followed by a discussion on how this field evolved in the past decades. In sequence, their rather rich Raman spectra composed of many peaks induced by single-and multiple-resonance effects are introduced. The properties of the main Raman peaks are then described, including their dependence on both materials structure and external factors, like temperature, pressure, doping, and environmental effects. Recent applications that are pushing the technique limits, such as multitechnique approach and in situ nanomanipulation, are highlighted, ending with some challenges for new developments in this field.

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“…The first-order Raman spectrum of (a) crystalline graphene, (b) defective graphene and (c) highly disordered single-layer graphene deposited on a SiO 2 substrate. These spectra are all obtained with E laser = 2.41 eV (Jorio et al 2010a). high symmetry, are highly sensitive to symmetry-breaking defects. Disorder and symmetry breaking are observed sensitively by spectroscopy, which depends strongly on crystal symmetry (Ashcroft & Merman 1976;Kittel 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Defect characterization in graphene and carbon nanotubes using Raman spectroscopy

Dresselhaus

Jório

Filho

et al. 2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

638

444

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This review discusses advances that have been made in the study of defect-induced double-resonance processes in nanographite, graphene and carbon nanotubes, mostly coming from combining Raman spectroscopic experiments with microscopy studies and from the development of new theoretical models. The disorder-induced peak frequencies and intensities are discussed, with particular emphasis given to how the disorder-induced features evolve with increasing amounts of disorder. We address here two systems, ionbombarded graphene and nanographite, where disorder is represented by point defects and boundaries, respectively. Raman spectroscopy is used to study the 'atomic structure' of the defect, making it possible, for example, to distinguish between zigzag and armchair edges, based on selection rules of phonon scattering. Finally, a different concept is discussed, involving the effect that defects have on the lineshape of Raman-allowed peaks, owing to local electron and phonon energy renormalization. Such effects can be observed by near-field optical measurements on the G feature for doped single-walled carbon nanotubes.

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Raman study of ion-induced defects inN-layer graphene

Cited by 129 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of ageing on Raman spectra and the conductivity of monolayer graphene samples irradiated by heavy and light ions

Influence of ageing on Raman spectra and the conductivity of monolayer graphene samples irradiated by heavy and light ions

Raman Spectroscopy in Graphene-Based Systems: Prototypes for Nanoscience and Nanometrology

Defect characterization in graphene and carbon nanotubes using Raman spectroscopy

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