Random access schemes for satellite networks, from VSAT to M2M: a survey

Abstract

Summary In this survey paper, we review the random access (RA) techniques with particular emphasis on the issues and the possible solutions applicable to satellite networks. RA dates back to the 1970s when the ALOHA protocol was developed to solve the problem of interconnecting university computers located in different Hawaiian islands. Since then, several evolutions of the ALOHA protocol have been developed. In particular, solutions were devised to mitigate the problem of packet collisions severely degrading the RA protocols performance. The approach followed for many years has been to avoid the occurrence of collisions rather than solving them. More recently, techniques tackling the RA packet collision problem have appeared triggered by the need of improving RA performance in satellite and terrestrial wireless networks. In particular, satellite networks large propagation delay does not allow the adoption of enhanced terrestrial RA techniques based on channel sensing. Adopting conventional demand assignment multiple access protocols is not suitable for supporting a large number of sensors or devices transmitting small‐size low duty cycle packets as required for machine‐to‐machine communications. This provided the stimulus to exploit successive interference cancelation schemes to solve packet collision issues. The use of successive interference cancelation in RA is relatively new and has opened up a promising research area. We provide an extensive review of recent high‐performance RA techniques achieving more than three orders of magnitude throughput increase compared with the original ALOHA at low packet loss rate. In this survey, we cover both slotted and unslotted techniques. Finally, we review the use of RA in satellite systems and related standards including recent proposals for machine‐to‐machine applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Video scene identification and classification for user-tailored QoE in GEO satellites

“…In future work we intend to study the possible extension/combination of our scheme with recent proposals to exploit successive interference cancellation schemes, in order to solve packet collision issues [45]. We also intend, in line with our view towards crosslayer extensions of our work, to study how our scheme can be combined with the DVB-S2X extension of the DVB-S2 specification that provides additional technologies and features for the core applications of DVB-S2.…”

Phase noise impact on the performance of contention resolution slotted random access schemes

“…It is not our intention to provide here an overview of the various RA schemes, which have been proposed in the last decade. The interested reader can refer to De Gaudenzi et al and associated references. In the following, the focus will be on slotted RA as this access technique is widely adopted in wireless networks.…”

“…Legacy RA techniques like ALOHA and slotted ALOHA are too lossy unless operated at extremely low load levels. Collision sensing and detection techniques widely adopted for terrestrial networks are not practical due to the large propagation delays affecting the satellite link . In 1983, diversity slotted ALOHA (DSA) was proposed as an enhancement of slotted ALOHA by adding packet replication per user.…”

BP Network Control for Resource Allocation and QoS Ensurance in UAV Cloud

“…To support native massive machine-to-machine communications in high-density wireless networks [5,6], contention resolution protocols, for example, contention resolution diversity slotted ALOHA (CRDSA) and its variants [7], have contributed to a drastic throughput improvement comparing with CSMA/CA [8]. The principle is each packet contains the header information about the location of the replicas within the frame, which can be used for successive interference cancellation (SIC) and retransmission avoidance.…”

“…Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol is realized at the application layer, and a specific thread processes the routing maintenance and routing discovery. In the experiments, the transmitted power is set to be 1 mW, W min = 2 3 , W max = 2 8 , and τ max = 3. MQEB is actually a double-looped control model.…”