Randomly Ordered Addressable High-Density Optical Sensor Arrays

Michael, Karri L.; Taylor, Laura C.; Schultz, Sandra L.; Walt, David R.

doi:10.1021/ac971343r

Cited by 310 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The only defined differences between the high-density bead arrays and previously discussed fabrication technology are that, the individual probes for printed and in-situ hybridized microarrays are placed at known locations on the substrate whereas the probes for high-density microarray are placed randomly. The idea of high-density bead array technology was tailored from randomly assembled arrays of beads in wells [18]. This approach uses the optical imaging fiber and rapid signal processing technology.…”

Section: High-density Bead Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microarray Based Genotyping: A Review

2014

J Cancer Sci

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Microarray technology has become a very popular tool in the realm of current molecular biology tools, and combined with the increasing knowledge and accuracy gained by advances in human genome sequencing, this technique is an ideal candidate for performing multiplex high-throughput genetic analysis at a relatively low cost. DNA microarrays are widely used for genotyping and gene expression thus aiding molecular diagnosis. As with any evolving technique, one needs to be careful while interpreting the data so as not to overestimate or underestimate the signals. In this review we discuss the evolution of microarray as a molecular biology tool, the strengths and limitations of most commonly used microarray techniques, and finally we hope to provide the reader with a look into the future of microarray in clinical diagnosis.

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Section: High-density Bead Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microarray Based Genotyping: A Review

2014

J Cancer Sci

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“…30,31 In comparison to fiber-optic bead arrays, 19,20,29 our approach offers more flexibility in terms of the substrates that can be used and the format and size of the arrays that can be produced. For instance, silicon wafers or various plastics could be used instead of glass.…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 Since bead assembly will not occur in an efficient and reliable manner if the process depends solely upon gravitational forces and Brownian motion, this process is typically achieved via solvent evaporation or dewetting. [17][18][19][20][21] However, these approaches are not suitable when rapid assembly is required or sample drying is undesirable. Other groups have employed electric 22 and magnetic [23][24][25] assembly methods to overcome these issues, but these active approaches require multistep fabrication processes and complex field generation schemes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Assembly of High-Density DNA Arrays for Genomic Analyses

Barbee

Huang

2008

Anal. Chem.

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A method for rapidly assembling high-density DNA arrays with near-perfect order is described. Photolithography is used to generate a wafer-scale array of microwells in a layer of photoresist on a chemically functionalized glass coverslip. The array is enclosed within a microfluidic device, and a suspension of superparamagnetic microbeads conjugated to DNA molecules is introduced into the chamber. A permanent magnet is used to direct the rapid assembly of the beads into the wells, with each well containing a single bead. These beads are immobilized on the glass surface via affinity binding, and excess beads can be recycled or washed away. Nonspecifically bound beads are removed by dissolving the photoresist. The result is a high-density array of beads with virtually no background. This method can be used to produce protein arrays for chip-based assays and DNA arrays for genotyping or genome sequencing.Some of the greatest breakthroughs in biomedical research can be attributed to the development of the numerous high-throughput technologies for quantitative measurements of biomolecules. Many of these technologies are made possible by microfabrication techniques commonly used in the semiconductor industry. For example, DNA and protein arrays fabricated by robotic printing and photolithographic methods have enabled extremely large-scale surveys of biomolecules. [1][2][3][4] The emerging "next generation" genome sequencing technologies, many of which utilize massive parallelization and miniaturization to achieve unprecedented multiplexing, throughput and cost reductions, [5][6][7][8][9][10] promise to revolutionize biomedical research and enable personalized healthcare. However, some of these technology platforms utilize randomly distributed DNA-conjugated microbeads or clones on a glass slide within a reaction chamber. The random arrangements of the beads or clones result in low throughput and imaging efficiency, complicated image processing, and high reagent costs. 6-10 One approach to dramatically improve these devices involves the use of microfabricated arrays to eliminate overlap and to minimize the area between the beads or clones.Such arrays can be generated by depositing samples onto glass slides using robotic contact printing, 2 microcontact printing, 11-13 or dip pen lithography. 14 These arrays can also be generated by assembling beads onto microfabricated arrays of wells on glass or silicon substrates [15][16][17][18] or in etched wells on the face of a fiber-optic bundle. 19,20 Since bead assembly will not occur in an efficient and reliable manner if the process depends solely upon gravitational forces and Brownian motion, this process is typically achieved via solvent evaporation or dewetting. [17][18][19][20][21] However, these approaches are not suitable when rapid assembly is required or sample drying is undesirable. Other groups have employed electric 22 and magnetic [23][24][25] assembly methods to overcome these issues, but these active approaches require multistep fabrication processes and...

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“…On-membrane tryptic digestion using the chemical printer and subsequent MALDI-TOF MS analysis directly from the membrane surface were then performed as described under "Experimental Procedures." Peptide mass analysis for the six proteins (spots [15][16][17][18][19][20] is shown in Table I.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developments in protein array technology now encompass protein deposition on membranes, glass plates, microwells, polystyrene film (12,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), microfluidic chips, and biochips (23)(24)(25) for screening complex protein mixtures for binding affinities, protein associations, and disease markers. With a move toward automation, deposition techniques used to produce these arrays now include pinbased or microdispensing liquid-handling robots (14), photolithography (26,27), and ink-jet printing technology (28 -30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Throughput Peptide Mass Fingerprinting and Protein Macroarray Analysis Using Chemical Printing Strategies

Sloane¹,

Duff²,

Wilson³

et al. 2002

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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We describe a chemical printer that uses piezoelectric pulsing for rapid, accurate, and non-contact microdispensing of fluid for proteomic analysis of immobilized protein macroarrays. We demonstrate protein digestion and peptide mass fingerprinting analysis of human plasma and platelet proteins direct from a membrane surface subsequent to defined microdispensing of trypsin and matrix solutions, hence bypassing multiple liquidhandling steps. Detection of low abundance, alkaline proteins from whole human platelet extracts has been highlighted. Membrane immobilization of protein permits archiving of samples pre-/post-analysis and provides a means for subanalysis using multiple chemistries. This study highlights the ability to increase sequence coverage for protein identification using multiple enzymes and to characterize N-glycosylation modifications using a combination of PNGase F and trypsin. We also demonstrate microdispensing of multiple serum samples in a quantitative microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay format to rapidly screen protein macroarrays for pathogen-derived antigens. We anticipate the chemical printer will be a major component of proteomic platforms for high throughput protein identification and characterization with widespread applications in biomedical and diagnostic discovery.

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Randomly Ordered Addressable High-Density Optical Sensor Arrays

Cited by 310 publications

References 27 publications

Microarray Based Genotyping: A Review

Microarray Based Genotyping: A Review

Magnetic Assembly of High-Density DNA Arrays for Genomic Analyses

High Throughput Peptide Mass Fingerprinting and Protein Macroarray Analysis Using Chemical Printing Strategies

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