Randomness Evaluation With the Discrete Fourier Transform Test Based on Exact Analysis of the Reference Distribution

Okada, Hiroki; Umeno, Ken

doi:10.1109/tifs.2017.2656473

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is worth noticing that not all NIST randomness tests are suitable for short keys. For example, the FFT test seems to be unreliable [99,158]. Even flaws in the NIST entropy estimators have been debated [159,160], leaving the entropy estimation an open issue [61].…”

Section: Table 3 Crkg Optimization Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-Layer-Security Box: a concept for time-frequency channel-reciprocity key generation

Zoli

Barreto

Köpsell

et al. 2020

J Wireless Com Network

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The motivation for this study about Physical Layer Security comes from bridging the gap between the vast theory and a feasible implementation. We propose a Physical-Layer-Security Box as a system-level Box is a system-level solution, named PLS-Box, to solve the key exchange between two wireless communicating parties. The PLS-Box performs a novel key generation method named time-frequency filter-bank. The entropy of the radio channel is harvested via a filter-bank processing, and then turned into a reciprocal security key, at both ends. In this concept work, we also focus on several PLS open issues, such as radio-frequency imperfections and accessibility to the baseband communication modem. The goal is to show a wide applicability of our PLS-Box to actual wireless systems, paving the way for an evolution of existing schemes.

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Section: Table 3 Crkg Optimization Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-Layer-Security Box: a concept for time-frequency channel-reciprocity key generation

Zoli

Barreto

Köpsell

et al. 2020

J Wireless Com Network

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“…DFT test is a powerful evaluation for randomness of pseudo random sequences [8]. This evaluation claims that if a binary sequence is ideally random, the real and imaginary parts of its DFT function are random, independent and both following zero-mean normal distribution.…”

Section: Ffh/ds Reception Under Mtimentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum Combining for Coherent FFH/DS Spread Spectrum Receivers in the Presence of Multi-Tone Jammer

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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Fast Frequency Hopping/Direct Sequence (FFH/DS) hybrid spread spectrum is an effective technique of the communication network for the robot swarms operating in complex electromagnetic environment. It combines the advantages of both Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), and also uses the diversity-combining in time and frequency domain to effectively reject unwanted jamming. Multi-Tone Interference (MTI) is one of the most deleterious jamming waveforms for frequency hopping systems, and consequently a severe threat for FFH/DS systems. In this article, we explore the effect of MTI on coherent FFH/DS, and we have shown that, if spectral sensing mechanism for MTI frequency and power monitoring is available, the MTI in FFH/DS reception is a set of complex sinusoid components with deterministic amplitudes and random phases, instead of the conventionally assumed Gaussian random variables. In light of this new finding, a novel combining method is proposed. It utilizes the spectral sensing information to adaptively compute the combining weights, following Maximum Signal to Interference plus Noise (MSINR) law. Its combining performance is analyzed and compared with other existing methods, and verified by simulations. It is shown that the proposed adaptive MSINR combining has satisfactory performance under both medium and strong MTI scenarios.

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“…SP800-22 consists of 15 types of randomness tests. Some of the tests were pointed out that are problematic, and improvements have been proposed [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reference Distributions of Maurer’s Universal Statistical Test and Its Improved Tests

Hikima

Iwasaki²,

Umeno

2022

IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory

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Maurer's universal statistical test can widely detect non-randomness of given sequences. Coron proposed an improved test, and further Yamamoto and Liu proposed a new test based on Coron's test. These tests use normal distributions as their reference distributions, but the soundness has not been theoretically discussed so far. Additionally, Yamamoto and Liu's test uses an experimental value as the variance of its reference distribution. In this paper, we theoretically derive the variance of the reference distribution of Yamamoto and Liu's test and prove that the true reference distribution of Coron's test converges to a normal distribution in some sense. We can apply the proof to the other tests with small changes.

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Randomness Evaluation With the Discrete Fourier Transform Test Based on Exact Analysis of the Reference Distribution

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Physical-Layer-Security Box: a concept for time-frequency channel-reciprocity key generation

Physical-Layer-Security Box: a concept for time-frequency channel-reciprocity key generation

Optimum Combining for Coherent FFH/DS Spread Spectrum Receivers in the Presence of Multi-Tone Jammer

The Reference Distributions of Maurer’s Universal Statistical Test and Its Improved Tests

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