Ranking and prioritizing pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment of China

Li, Yan; Lu-yan, Zhang; Liu, Xianshu; Ding, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.048

Cited by 120 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For CAR, once again, the pattern of acute data, was similar to that registered for anxiolytics and antibiotics, with the lowest concentrations promoting toxicity at 10.0 µg L −1 , 20 000 µg L −1 and 0.01 µg L −1 for algae, fish and invertebrates, respectively [27,44,57]. Considering the chronic data, similar concentrations were found to produce toxicity in invertebrates and fish trophic levels, ranging from 25 to 25,000 µg L −1 [27,29].…”

Section: Antiepilepticssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Overall, excepting anxiolytics, anti-inflammatories were less toxic than the other therapeutic groups. Regarding the lowest concentrations that produced acute toxicity in the three trophic levels, invertebrates had the lowest value (10 ng L −1 ), followed by algae (10 µg L −1 ) and fish (90 µg L −1 ), however, when using median values, the differences become less clear [37,44,57,96]. As for chronic data, higher toxicity was observed in fish (500 ng L −1 ) and invertebrates (200 µg L −1 ), when compared with algae (4.01 mg L −1 ), which is in line with the already referred anti-inflammatories mode of action [70,95].…”

Section: Anti-inflammatoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Median, maximum and minimum concentration values reported for acute (A) and chronic (B) toxicity data concerning invertebrates. (Anx-anxiolytics; Antib-antibiotics; Lip reg-lipid regulators; Antiepi-antiepileptics; SSRIs-Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; Anti-inf-anti-inflammatories; Horm-hormones)[23,[27][28][29][30][31][32]35,36,[40][41][42]44,46,.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selected Pharmaceuticals in Different Aquatic Compartments: Part II—Toxicity and Environmental Risk Assessment

et al. 2020

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Potential risks associated with releases of human pharmaceuticals into the environment have become an increasingly important issue in environmental health. This concern has been driven by the widespread detection of pharmaceuticals in all aquatic compartments. Therefore, 22 pharmaceuticals, 6 metabolites and transformation products, belonging to 7 therapeutic groups, were selected to perform a review on their toxicity and environmental risk assessment (ERA) in different aquatic compartments, important issues to tackle the water framework directive (WFD). The toxicity data collected reported, with the exception of anxiolytics, at least one toxicity value for concentrations below 1 µg L−1. The results obtained for the ERA revealed risk quotients (RQs) higher than 1 in all the aquatic bodies and for the three trophic levels, algae, invertebrates and fish, posing ecotoxicological pressure in all of these compartments. The therapeutic groups with higher RQs were hormones, antiepileptics, anti-inflammatories and antibiotics. Unsurprisingly, RQs values were highest in wastewaters, however, less contaminated water bodies such as groundwaters still presented maximum values up to 91,150 regarding 17α-ethinylestradiol in fish. Overall, these results present an important input for setting prioritizing measures and sustainable strategies, minimizing their impact in the aquatic environment.

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Section: Antiepilepticssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Anti-inflammatoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selected Pharmaceuticals in Different Aquatic Compartments: Part II—Toxicity and Environmental Risk Assessment

et al. 2020

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“…A very recent study classified 13 PhCs, including DCF and SMX, as priority PhCs in the aquatic environment of China, according to the proposed ranking system that is supported on three criteria (occurrence, exposure potential, and ecological effects). [32]. DCF and erythromycin presented the highest predicted environmental risk.…”

Section: Pharmaceutical Compounds As Pollutants Of Emergent Concernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Degradation of Pharmaceuticals Carbamazepine, Diclofenac, and Sulfamethoxazole by Semiconductor and Carbon Materials: A Review

2019

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The presence of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment is a reality that calls for more efficient water treatment technologies. Photocatalysis is a powerful technology available but the high energy costs associated with the use of UV irradiation hinder its large scale implementation. More sustainable and cheaper photocatalytic processes can be achieved by improving the sunlight harvesting and the synthesis of semiconductor/carbon composites has proved to be a promising strategy. Carbamazepine, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole were selected as target pharmaceuticals due to their recalcitrant behavior during conventional wastewater treatment and persistence in the environment, as properly reviewed. The literature data on the photocatalytic removal of carbamazepine, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole by semiconductor/carbon materials was critically revised to highlight the role of the carbon in the enhanced semiconductor performance under solar irradiation. Generally it was demonstrated that carbon materials induce red-shift absorption and they contribute to more effective charge separation, thus improving the composite photoactivity. Carbon was added as a dopant (C-doping) or as support or doping materials (i.e., nanoporous carbons, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and derived materials, carbon quantum dots (CQDs), and biochars) and in the large majority of the cases, TiO2 was the semiconductor tested. The specific role of carbon materials is dependent on their properties but even the more amorphous forms, like nanoporous carbons or biochars, allow to prepare composites with improved properties compared to the bare semiconductor. The self-photocatalytic activity of the carbon materials was also reported and should be further explored. The removal and mineralization rates, as well as degradation pathways and toxicity of the treated solutions were also critically analyzed.

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“…Surface waters are polluted by pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), which are regarded as widespread contaminants (Aus der Beek et al 2016;Daughton and Ternes 1999;Deo 2014;Kümmerer 2008;Li et al 2019). The negative impact of certain PhACs, such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal baths as sources of pharmaceutical and illicit drug contamination

Jakab

Szalai

Michalkó

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Despite the fact that there are tens of thousands of thermal baths in existence, knowledge about the occurrence of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in untreated thermal wastewater is very limited. Because used thermal water is typically legally discharged into surface waters without any treatment, the effluent poses environmental risks for the receiving water bodies. The aim of this study was to show the occurrence patterns and spatiotemporal characteristics of 111 PhACs in thermal wastewater. Six thermal water outflows of different thermal baths were tested in different seasons in the Budapest metropolitan region (Hungary), and diurnal analysis was performed. After solid-phase extraction, the samples were analysed and quantified by coupling supercritical fluid chromatography and mass spectrometry to perform simultaneous multi-residue drug analysis. The results confirm that water discharge pipes directly transport pharmaceuticals into surface water bodies; 34 PhACs were measured to be over the limit of quantification at least once, and 21 of them were found in more than one water sample. The local anaesthetic drug lidocaine, antiepileptic carbamazepine, analgesic derivative tramadol and illicit drug cocaine were detected in more than half of the samples. Caffeine, metoprolol and bisoprolol (cardiovascular drugs), benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite), diclofenac (NSAID), citalopram (antidepressant) and certain types of hormones also have a significant frequency of 30-50%. However, the occurrence and concentrations of PhACs vary according to the season and number/types of visitors. As demonstrated by the diurnal fluctuation, drug contamination of thermal waters can significantly vary, even for similar types of baths; furthermore, the quantity and types of some pollutants rapidly change in the discharged thermal wastewater.

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Ranking and prioritizing pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment of China

Cited by 120 publications

References 59 publications

Selected Pharmaceuticals in Different Aquatic Compartments: Part II—Toxicity and Environmental Risk Assessment

Selected Pharmaceuticals in Different Aquatic Compartments: Part II—Toxicity and Environmental Risk Assessment

Photocatalytic Degradation of Pharmaceuticals Carbamazepine, Diclofenac, and Sulfamethoxazole by Semiconductor and Carbon Materials: A Review

Thermal baths as sources of pharmaceutical and illicit drug contamination

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