Physical education college students' own metabolism law is complex. Accurate and dynamic detection of physical education college students' own metabolism cycle function can scientifically analyze the influence of aerobic metabolism and anaerobic metabolism on training, and promote scientific group training. An analysis and diagnosis model of influencing factors of metabolic risk of physical education college students based on covariate BMI and multiple regression analysis of body fat ratio is proposed, and a parameter evaluation system which can reflect the metabolic cycle function and overall cardiopulmonary function of physical education college students is constructed. The metabolic level coefficient of maximal oxygen uptake, glycolysis energy supply and aerobic oxidation energy supply system are taken as independent variables, and other functional evaluation indexes are taken as dependent variables. The multi-layer factor iterative analysis model is constructed. Through the difference of energy supply ratio of athletes' competition energy metabolism system, the influencing factors of students' physical function metabolism risk are analyzed. The overall characteristics of energy supply ratio, the percentage of energy metabolism level and the metabolism level of aerobic oxidation energy supply system of athletes are comprehensively evaluated, and the internal relationship between aerobic metabolism ability and anaerobic metabolism ability of students' physical function is obtained, so as to realize the analysis of influencing factors of students' physical function metabolism risk and the construction of diagnosis model. The test results show that the model can effectively detect the influencing factors of the metabolic risk of physical function of college students in physical education institutes, and the detection algorithm has convergence and stability. Based on the analysis results, targeted training can be carried out to improve the aerobic capacity and anaerobic capacity of physical function of college students in physical education institutes, which provides theoretical and data basis for guiding the avoidance of metabolic risk of physical function of college students and improving the training level.