Rapeseed Meals, Methimazole, Thiocyanate and Iodine Affect Growth and Thyroid. Investigations into Glucosinolate Tolerance in the Pig

Schöne, F.; Groppel, B.; Hennig, A.; Jahreis, Gerhard; Länge, R.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199705)74:1<69::aid-jsfa771>3.0.co;2-0

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…These results are in accordance with previous investigations published by Schö ne et al (1997) demonstrating that the amount of iodine stored in the thyroid gland depends only to a small extent on the dietary supply, but Table VIII. Influence of total fatty acid intake on the fatty acid profile of back fat and intramuscular fat of pigs (n ¼ 10).…”

Section: Gm-rapeseed In Pigs 313supporting

confidence: 93%

“…The dietary treatments were the two rapeseed sources incorporated in the diet at a level of 15%, which had proved to be the maximum rate under practical feeding conditions (Schö ne et al 1997). The diets for GM-rapeseed in pigs 309 the growing period (32 -69 kg BW) and the finishing period (69 -105 kg BW), which were formulated to fulfil the DLG-recommendations (DLG 1991), are listed in Table I.…”

Section: Feeding Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional assessment of genetically modified rapeseed synthesizing high amounts of mid-chain fatty acids including production responses of growing-finishing pigs

Böhme¹,

Rudloff

Schöne³

et al. 2007

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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The nutritive value of genetically modified myristic acid-rich rapeseed, in which a acyl-thioesterase gene inserted, was studied. Crude nutrients, amino acid and fatty acid profiles as well as mineral and glucosinolate contents were determined and compared with those of the non-transgenic parental cultivar. The concentration of crude nutrients, minerals and amino acids were found to be within the range of natural variance. The myristic and palmitic acid content increased from 0.1 - 11.4% and from 3.6-20%, respectively, at the expense of oleic acid, which decreased from 68.6-42.6% of total fatty acids. The glucosinolate contents increased from 12.4 micromol/g in the parental plant to 19 micromol/g DM in the GM-plant. Full-fat rapeseed of both cultivars was incorporated in pig diets at a level of 15%, and the digestibility and the production efficiency were tested under ad libitum feeding conditions with ten pigs each over the growing finishing period from 32-105 kg BW. The experimental diets did not show significant differences in digestibility and energetic feeding value. However, feed intake and weight gain decreased presumably due to the increasing glucosinolate intake associated with the feeding of transgenic rapeseed. The dietary fatty acids profile influenced the fatty acid profile of body fat. Myristic acid accumulated in back fat and intramuscular fat while the oleic acid content decreased. The increased glucosinolate intake affected the weight of thyroid glands and their iodine concentration.

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Section: Gm-rapeseed In Pigs 313supporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Feeding Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional assessment of genetically modified rapeseed synthesizing high amounts of mid-chain fatty acids including production responses of growing-finishing pigs

Böhme¹,

Rudloff

Schöne³

et al. 2007

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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“…Both Varola 54 and Rainbow had significantly higher sinapine concentrations than Varola 50, with the other cultivars falling in between the extremes. Results obtained from cultivars cultivated in South Africa were within the normal ranges of 1 -4% of air-dried oil-free canola meal (Blair & Reichert, 1984;Uppstrom & Johansson, 1985) or even lower than the 12 -15 g/kg in rapeseed meal (Schöne et al, 1997). No significant interaction occurred between the glucosinolate content for the aliphatic glucosinolates, indolyl glucosinolate or aromatic glucosinolates and area of production.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Anti-nutritional factors in canola produced in the Western and Southern Cape areas of South Africa

Brand¹,

Smith²,

Hoffman³

2008

SA J. An. Sci.

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The development of low erucic acid, low glucosinolate cultivars of canola seed has led to the availability of a feed ingredient with considerable potential to replace soyabean meal in diets for all classes of farm animals. The sinapine and glucosinolate content of various canola cultivars cultivated in two areas of the Western Cape, South Africa were compared. There were no significant differences in sinapine content between the canola produced in the Western and Southern Cape (mean value of 9.95 mg sinapine/g grain).There were cultivar differences, with Varola 54 and Rainbow cultivars having significantly higher sinapine concentrations than Varola 50. There were no significant differences between the aliphatic, indolyl or aromatic glucosinolate content of the canola originating from either the Swartland or the Rûens areas in South Africa (mean value of 17.84 µmol total glucosinolates/g grain). There were significant differences in the total glucosinolate content of the various canola cultivars. Varola 44 and Hylite 200TT had the lowest total glucosinolate concentration and Varola 50 had the highest glucosinolate concentration. The results obtained seem to indicate a maximum dietary inclusion level of up to 14% for South African produced canola with an average of 17.83 µmol glucosinolates per gram to ensure optimal animal production.

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“…Depressed feed consumption and growth have been shown in pigs, where the diet included high-glucosinolate rapeseed meals (100±150 mmol glucosinolates/kg defatted matter). However, high quantities of low glucosinolate meals based on`00' varieties or treatment can also negatively affect pig performance (Rundgren, 1983;Bell, 1984;Bourdon & Aumaitre, 1990;Scho Ène et al 1997a).…”

Section: Rapeseed: Milk Iodine: Sows: Pigletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapeseed glucosinolates and iodine in sows affect the milk iodine concentration and the iodine status of piglets

Schöne¹,

Leiterer²,

Hartung³

et al. 2001

Br J Nutr

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I in the chain sow diet → blood serum of sow → sow milk → piglet serum was investigated in two experiments with a total of eighty-one sows and their piglets. In experiments conducted during the last trimester of gravidity and the 28 d of lactation, diets with glucosinolates (1.9 mmol/kg diet via 100 g ground rapeseed/kg diet (Expt 1) and 2.1 and 4.2 mmol/kg diet via 75 and 150 g rapeseed press cake/kg diet (Expt 2)) were compared with control groups without rapeseed products. From 0 to 600 μg I/kg was added to sow diets during lactation. Diets without supplementary I decreased the I concentration particularly in milk and piglet serum. The presence of rapeseed and rapeseed press cake were indicated by a thiocyanate concentration increase, mainly in sow serum. The diets with glucosinolates decreased the milk and piglet serum I concentration. Spot urine and faeces samples from sows eating the rapeseed-press cake diets had increased I concentration. The sows’ serum I and thyroxine did not respond to glucosinolates (Expt 1) or these diets caused an increase in concentration (Expt 2). Both these criteria seem unsuitable for the diagnosis of I status of adult animals. Glucosinolates and their degradation compounds may affect the thyroid and the mammary glands resulting in lower I milk transfer and higher renal and intestinal I excretion.

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Rapeseed Meals, Methimazole, Thiocyanate and Iodine Affect Growth and Thyroid. Investigations into Glucosinolate Tolerance in the Pig

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Nutritional assessment of genetically modified rapeseed synthesizing high amounts of mid-chain fatty acids including production responses of growing-finishing pigs

Nutritional assessment of genetically modified rapeseed synthesizing high amounts of mid-chain fatty acids including production responses of growing-finishing pigs

Anti-nutritional factors in canola produced in the Western and Southern Cape areas of South Africa

Rapeseed glucosinolates and iodine in sows affect the milk iodine concentration and the iodine status of piglets

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